Effects of a single-session implicit theories of personality intervention on recovery from social stress and long-term psychological functioning in early adolescents.

单次内隐人格干预理论对青少年早期社会压力恢复和长期心理功能的影响。

• 批准号: 8982465
• 负责人: Jessica Lee Schleider
• 金额: $ 3.09万
• 依托单位: HARVARD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8982465
• 关键词: 15 year old; Address; Adolescent; Age; Anxiety; Arousal; Arousal and Regulatory Systems; BLase; Behavior Control; Belief; Child; Clinical Sciences; Communities; Data; Development; Developmental Process; Disease; Educational process of instructing; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Galvanic Skin Response; Goals; Human; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Link; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Minority; Negative Valence; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Physiological; Physiology; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Recovery; Relative (related person); Research; Research Domain Criteria; Research Priority; Sampling; Sinus Arrhythmia; Staging; Stress; Syndrome; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Treatment Cost; Work; Youth; base; brief intervention; community setting; coping; cost; cost effective; depressive symptoms; design; developmental psychology; early adolescence; experience; heart rate variability; improved; indexing; intervention effect; novel; novel strategies; post intervention; prevent; prospective; psychologic; public health relevance; respiratory; social; social stress; theories; trait

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Efforts to prevent mental health problems in youths have advanced greatly in recent years. However, these advances have not reduced rates of youth mental illness on a large scale. Thus, a great need exists for novel, scalable, and low-cost approaches to preventing mental health problems in youth. Ideally, such approaches would be mechanism-targeted: that is, they would act on specific developmental processes that underlie psychological disorders. The proposed research aims to address this need by testing whether a single-session intervention teaching incremental theories of personality, or the belief that one's personality is malleable-as opposed to entity theories of personality, or the belief that one's personality is fixed and unchangeable-can strengthen recovery from social stress and prevent the development of anxiety and depression during early adolescence. Compared to incremental theories, entity theories of personal traits have demonstrated cross- sectional and prospective relations with greater anxiety and depression in youths. Further, a single-session incremental personality theories intervention reduced the development of depressive symptoms in a community sample of adolescents, supporting these theories as powerful prevention targets, even when taught in a brief format. Specifically, in line with the NIMH's experimental therapeutics approach to testing novel interventions, this project has two aims. Aim 1 is to evaluate the effect of the implicit theories intervention on two candidate mechanisms of action, or targets, identified by prior research: arousal (measure via physiological reactivity following social stress, as well as self-reported anxiety) and loss (here, perceived loss of behavioral control) in youths 12-15 years of age. Following a lab-based social stress induction, this study will test whether participants receiving the intervention (N=45) will recover from stress more rapidly, as indicated by measures of arousal (heart rate variability; respiratory sinus arrhythmia; galvanic skin response) and self- reported loss (increased perceived control at post-intervention or 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-ups) compared to participants who do not receive the intervention (n =45). Aim 2 is to evaluate the effects of the single-session incremental theories intervention on anxiety and depression over nine months. This study will test whether the intervention, compared to a control protocol, prevents the development of anxiety and depression; it will also assess whether this change is a direct result of shifts in the two aforementioned targets (arousal; loss). More positive trajectories in anxiety and depression are predicted for youth receiving the intervention, relative to those in the control condition, over time. The study will aso test whether these trajectories are mediated by changes in the targets described in Aim 1. Finally, regardless of outcomes for Aims 1 and 2, baseline, postintervention, and 9-month measures will be used to map longitudinal links among implicit theories, interventions targeting those theories, social stress recovery, and youth anxiety and depression. Findings may suggest a cost-effective, scalable intervention that improves youth resiliency and mental health.

 描述（由适用提供）：近年来，努力预防年轻人的心理健康问题的努力已大大发展。但是，这些进步并未大规模降低青年精神疾病的发生率。这是针对新颖，可扩展和低成本方法的巨大需求，以防止青年人的心理健康问题。理想情况下，这种方法将是针对机制的：也就是说，它们将采取对心理疾病构成的特定发展过程的作用。拟议的研究旨在通过测试单一课程干预教学的人格逐渐理论，或者相信自己的性格是可以延长的，与人格实体理论相反，或者相信自己的人格是固定的，并且不可改变的习惯能够增强社交压力，并防止在青春期初期的焦虑和抑郁症的发展。与渐进理论相比，个人特征的实体理论表现出与年轻人的焦虑和抑郁更大的横断面和前瞻性关系。此外，单一课程的增量性格理论干预措施减少了社区青少年样本中抑郁症状的发展，即使以简短的格式教授，也支持这些理论作为强大的预防目标。具体而言，根据NIMH的实验疗法测试新干预措施，该项目具有两个目标。目的1是评估隐性理论干预措施对通过先前研究确定的两种候选作用机制或目标的作用：在社会压力之后通过身体反应性进行唤醒，以及自我报告的焦虑症）和丧失（在这里，感知到的行为控制丧失）在年轻人中年龄12-15岁。在基于实验室的社会压力诱导之后，本研究将测试接受干预的参与者（n = 45）是否会更快地从压力中恢复，如唤醒的度量（心率变异性；呼吸窦性心律不齐； 与未接受干预的参与者相比，电力皮肤反应）和自我报告的损失（在干预后或3、6和9个月的随访中增加了感知的控制）（n = 45）。 AIM 2是评估九个月内单节增量理论干预对焦虑和抑郁的影响。这项研究将测试与对照方案相比，干预是否可以防止焦虑和抑郁的发展；它还将评估这种变化是否是两个关于关系目标（唤醒;损失）的转移的直接结果。随着时间的流逝，相对于控制条件的年轻人，预计接受干预的青年将预计焦虑和抑郁症的更积极的轨迹。该研究将测试这些轨迹是否是通过目标1中描述的目标的变化介导的。最后，无论目标1和2的结果如何，基线，干预后和9个月的措施都将用于绘制隐藏理论之间的纵向联系，以针对这些理论的干预措施，社会压力恢复和青少年焦虑和抑郁。调查结果可能表明一种具有成本效益的可扩展干预措施，可提高青年的弹性和心理健康。