A Brief Intervention to Increase Size-Appropriate Child Passenger Restraint Use

增加适当尺寸儿童乘客约束装置使用的简短干预措施

• 批准号: 8798677
• 负责人: Michelle Lea Macy
• 金额: $ 13.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-20 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8798677
• 关键词: 12 year old; 3 year old; 7 year old; Accident and Emergency department; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Car Seats; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Child; Childhood; Childhood Injury; Clinical; Counseling; Data; Development; Development Plans; Education; Emergency Care; Emergency Department-based Intervention; Emergency department visit; Engineering; Ensure; Faculty; Family; Focus Groups; Funding; Generic Drugs; Health Communication; Health Services Research; Health behavior; Health system; Heart Diseases; Hispanics; Hospitals; Infant; Influenza; Injury; Intervention; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Laws; Lead; Legal; Life; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Minority; Motivation; Pamphlets; Parents; Patient risk; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Pneumonia; Positioning Attribute; Printing; Provider; Public Health; Punishment; Qualifying; Qualitative Methods; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Role; Safety; Seat Belts; Self Determination; Sepsis; Statutes and Laws; Subgroup; Surveys; System; Techniques; Testing; Training; Vehicle crash; Visit; base; behavior change; brief intervention; career development; communication behavior; design; disability; evidence base; experience; improved; injury prevention; interest; motivated behavior; motivational enhancement therapy; multidisciplinary; novel strategies; patient oriented; pilot trial; primary care setting; programs; research and development; response; restraint; skills; theories; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) remain a leading cause of death among children after the first year of life despite substantial improvements in passenger safety. In 2007, more children ages 1 to 12 years died as occupants in MVCs than died of heart disease, influenza/pneumonia, or sepsis. Deaths and severe injuries from MVCs can be reduced significantly through the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Still 10% of children ride completely unrestrained and roughly one-quarter do not use the recommended restraint for their size. New approaches are needed to motivate behavior change among parents who do not consistently use size-appropriate passenger restraints for their 1- to 12-year-old children. Emergency department (ED) visits represent unique opportunities to reach vulnerable children and their parents who have difficulty accessing the primary care settings where childhood injury prevention information is commonly provided. Motivational interviewing (MI) in the ED has been used to encourage a variety of health behaviors among at-risk patients. However, MI has not been previously evaluated for child passenger safety promotion programs. This career development award will provide Dr. Macy with the additional skill set and advanced research training required to develop and evaluate an ED-based intervention utilizing MI techniques and patient-centered (e.g., targeted and tailored) print materials to promote the correct and consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Dr. Macy has developed the proposed research and career development plans under the guidance of her experienced multidisciplinary mentoring team that includes experts in the fields of health communications for behavior change, injury prevention, and pediatric health services research. The proposal is organized into 4 phases: (1) audience segmentation analysis of survey data obtained from parents of 1- to 12-year-old children seeking ED care in order to identify distinct child passenger restraint use subgroups for the development of targeted interventions; (2) focus groups with parents in order to obtain an in-depth understanding of the subgroups identified in Phase 1 and to pilot test child passenger safety messages intended for these subgroups; (3) development of intervention materials including brief MI messages, targeted information sheets, and tailored brochures; and (4) randomized pilot trial of the intervention utilizing a 2x2 factorial design to examine the independent and additive effects of ED-based MI and tailored print materials on the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Dr. Macy's career development activities will include formal training in statistical analysis for audience segmentation, qualitative methods, and advance theories and applied techniques related to the design and implementation of behavioral interventions in the ED setting. Through formal coursework, interaction with her highly qualified mentoring team, and the execution of the proposed project, Dr. Macy will acquire the knowledge and skills to become an independent researcher and expert in ED-based interventions for pediatric injury prevention.

描述（由申请人提供）：机动车碰撞（MVC）仍然是一岁后儿童死亡的主要原因，尽管乘客安全有了实质性的改善。2007年，1至12岁的儿童在MVC中死亡的人数超过了死于心脏病、流感/肺炎或败血症的人数。通过持续使用尺寸合适的儿童乘客约束装置，可以大大减少因车辆事故造成的死亡和重伤。仍然有10%的儿童完全不受约束，大约四分之一的儿童没有使用针对其体型的建议约束。需要新的方法来激励行为改变的父母谁不一贯使用大小适当的乘客约束他们的1至12岁的孩子。急诊室（艾德）访问代表了独特的机会，以达到弱势儿童和他们的父母谁有困难，进入初级保健设置，儿童伤害预防信息是常见的。动机访谈（MI）在艾德已被用来鼓励各种健康行为之间的风险患者。然而，MI以前没有被评估为儿童乘客安全促进计划。这个职业发展奖将为梅西博士提供额外的技能和先进的研究培训，以开发和评估利用MI技术和以患者为中心（例如，有针对性和量身定制）的印刷材料，以促进正确和一致地使用尺寸合适的儿童乘客约束装置。Macy博士在她经验丰富的多学科指导团队的指导下制定了拟议的研究和职业发展计划，该团队包括行为改变，伤害预防和儿科健康服务研究等健康传播领域的专家。该提案分为4个阶段：（1）对从寻求艾德护理的1至12岁儿童的父母那里获得的调查数据进行受众细分分析，以确定不同的儿童乘客约束装置使用亚组，从而制定有针对性的干预措施;（2）与家长进行焦点小组讨论，以便获得一个信息，深入了解第一阶段确定的亚组，并对针对这些亚组的儿童乘客安全信息进行试点测试;（3）编制干预材料，包括简短的MI信息、有针对性的信息单和定制的小册子;和（4）采用2x2析因设计的干预随机预试验，以检查基于ED的MI和定制印刷材料对一致使用大小合适的儿童乘客约束装置的独立和累加效应。Macy博士的职业发展活动将包括受众细分统计分析、定性方法以及与艾德环境中行为干预的设计和实施相关的先进理论和应用技术方面的正式培训。通过正式的课程，与她的高素质的指导团队的互动，以及拟议项目的执行，梅西博士将获得的知识和技能，成为一个独立的研究人员和专家在ED为基础的干预措施，以预防小儿损伤。