Asbestos fate, exposure, remediation, and adverse health effects

石棉的归宿、接触、修复和不良健康影响

• 批准号: 9041609
• 负责人: Ian Alexander Blair
• 金额: $ 225.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9041609
• 关键词: Animal Model; Animals; Asbestos; Attitude; Biological; Biological Markers; Chemoprevention; Collaborations; Communities; Core Facility; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Earth science; Ecology; Environment; Environmental Health; Epidemiologic Studies; Epigenetic Process; Evaluation; Fostering; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Genetic; Glues; Goals; Government Agencies; Hazardous Substances; Health; Health Sciences; Home environment; Human; Incidence; Integrative Medicine; Lead; Leadership; Legal patent; Lung diseases; Mediating; Mentors; Mesothelioma; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Movement; Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; Postdoctoral Fellow; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Research Training; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Science; Serum; Services; Signal Recognition Particle; Site; Students; Superfund; Techniques; Technology; Technology Transfer; Toxic effect; Training; Training Programs; Translating; Translational Research; Translations; Universities; base; biomarker discovery; certificate program; community living; design; environmental justice; environmental toxicology; exposed human population; fungus; human subject; innovation; instrumentation; liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; metabolomics; novel; particle; programs; public health relevance; remediation; response; social; superfund site; validation studies; wasting

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The University of Pennsylvania Superfund Research and Training Program Center (Penn SRP Center) evolved as a direct consequence of concerns from the community living proximal to the BioRit Asbestos Superfund site in Ambler, PA. The community at Ambler has actively participated in the design of projects to be tackled by the Center. As a result, the Center will consist of two Environmental Science Projects and four Biomedical Science Research Projects, which will be underpinned by one Research Core and four Service Cores. These Projects and Cores will explore various aspects of asbestos fate, exposure, remediation, and adverse health effects. Environmental Science Projects 1 and 2 are entitled "Remediation of Asbestos Particles" and "Mobility and Fate of Asbestos Particles," respectively. Biomedical Science Projects 3-6 are entitled "Social Determinants of Risk And Attitudes about Asbestos in a Superfund Environmental Justice Community," "Animal Models of Mesothelioma," "Chemoprevention of Asbestos-Induced Lung Diseases," and "Biomarkers of Asbestos Exposure" The Cores comprise an Administrative Core (Core A), the Community Engagement Core (Core B), the Research Translation Core (Core C), the Biostatistical Research Support Core (Core D), and the Interdisciplinary Training Core (Core E). The goals of the Penn SRP Center will be accomplished through the leadership of two senior highly accomplished investigators, Dr. Ian A. Blair (Director) and Dr. Trevor M. Penning (Deputy Director). The Penn SRP is underpinned by four highly significant entities. First, the Penn Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology (CEET) provides an academic home, with enormous resources to draw upon. Second, the CEET Translational Biomarker Core provides instrumentation and resources for conducting sophisticated biomarker discovery and validation studies. Third, the CEET Integrative Health Sciences Facility Core will provide support for human subject study design and storage of annotated biospecimens. Fourth, the existing CEET Certificate Program and T32 Training Program in Environmental Health Sciences provide a resource of potential students and postdoctoral fellows who could be recruited into the Penn SRP Center. Advanced techniques for the detection, assessment, and evaluation of the effect on human health of hazardous substances will involve the development of a new animal model of asbestos-induced mesothelioma. Methods to assess the risks to human health presented by hazardous substances will involve novel metabolomics methodology using high resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry will be developed to identify human populations that are exposed to asbestos. Methods and technologies to detect hazardous substances in the environment will involve two quite separate approaches. One will involve the use of earth science-based methodology to monitor the movement of asbestos within dump sites and the other will involve a sociological study to identify how asbestos exposure can occur and whether this can explain the cluster of asbestos-induced mesotheliomas in Ambler. A basic biological method to be employed for reducing the amount and toxicity of a hazardous substance will involve the remediation of asbestos by mycorrhizal fungi-mediated conversion it to a non-toxic molecular form. Therefore, although these projects evolved in response to the Ambler community's concerns (EPA Region 3), the results can be readily translated to the fifteen other asbestos sites that are present in five of the other EPA Regions (2, 5, and 8-10).

描述（由申请人提供） 宾夕法尼亚大学超级基金研究和培训项目中心（宾夕法尼亚州 SRP 中心）的发展是宾夕法尼亚州安布勒 BioRit 石棉超级基金站点附近社区关注的直接结果。安布勒社区积极参与了该中心要解决的项目的设计。因此，该中心将由两个环境科学项目和四个生物医学科学研究项目组成，并由一个研究核心和四个服务核心支撑。这些项目和核心将探讨石棉归宿、接触、补救和不利健康影响的各个方面。环境科学项目1和2的标题分别是“石棉颗粒的修复”和“石棉颗粒的移动性和归宿”。生物医学科学项目 3-6 的标题为“超级基金环境正义社区中关于石棉的风险和态度的社会决定因素”、“间皮瘤动物模型”、“石棉引起的肺病的化学预防”和“石棉暴露的生物标志物”。核心包括行政核心（核心 A）、社区参与核心（核心 B）、研究翻译核心 （核心 C）、生物统计研究支持核心（核心 D）和跨学科培训核心（核心 E）。宾夕法尼亚大学 SRP 中心的目标将通过两位杰出的高级研究人员 Ian A. Blair 博士（主任）和 Trevor M. Penning 博士（副主任）的领导来实现。 Penn SRP 由四个非常重要的实体支撑。首先，宾夕法尼亚大学环境毒理学卓越中心 (CEET) 提供了一个学术家园，拥有大量资源可供利用。其次，CEET 转化生物标志物核心提供了用于进行复杂的生物标志物发现和验证研究的仪器和资源。第三，CEET综合健康科学设施核心将为人类受试者研究设计和带注释的生物样本存储提供支持。第四，现有的环境健康科学CEET证书计划和T32培训计划为宾夕法尼亚大学SRP中心招募的潜在学生和博士后研究员提供了资源。检测、评估和评估有害物质对人类健康影响的先进技术将涉及开发石棉诱发间皮瘤的新动物模型。评估有害物质对人类健康造成的风险的方法将涉及使用高分辨率液相色谱-质谱法的新型代谢组学方法，以识别接触石棉的人群。检测环境中有害物质的方法和技术将涉及两种完全不同的方法。一项将涉及使用基于地球科学的方法来监测垃圾场内石棉的移动，另一项将涉及一项社会学研究，以确定石棉暴露是如何发生的，以及这是否可以解释安布勒石棉诱发的间皮瘤群。用于减少有害物质的数量和毒性的基本生物学方法包括通过菌根真菌介导将石棉转化为无毒分子形式来修复石棉。因此，尽管这些项目的发展是为了响应 Ambler 社区的关注（EPA 区域 3），但结果可以很容易地转化为 EPA 其他 5 个区域（2、5 和 8-10）中存在的 15 个其他石棉场地。