The role of African Green Monkeys in the epidemiology of Dengue and Chikungunya on St Kitts, West Indies

非洲绿猴在西印度群岛圣基茨登革热和基孔肯雅热流行病学中的作用

• 批准号: 9226818
• 负责人: Patrick Kelly
• 金额: $ 16.59万
• 依托单位: ROSS UNIVERSITY SCH/VETERINARY MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-19 至 2018-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9226818
• 关键词: Affect; Africa; Animals; Antibodies; Archives; Area; Asia; Blood; Budgets; Caribbean region; Cercopithecus pygerythrus; Chikungunya virus; Culicidae; Data; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Detection; Disease; Ecosystem; Epidemiology; Funding; Generic Drugs; Human; Infection; Infection Control; Island; Kansas; Minor; Molecular; Monkeys; Morbidity - disease rate; Neutralization Tests; Pattern; Play; Politics; Polynesia; Population; Population Dynamics; Positioning Attribute; Protocols documentation; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Role; Sampling; Serologic tests; South America; Spatial Distribution; Surveys; Testing; Universities; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; West Indies; Zika Virus; biobank; chikungunya; epidemiologic data; feeding; forest; improved; interest; nonhuman primate; prevent; programs; research facility; seropositive; transmission process; vector

Chikungunya and dengue are important viral diseases that affect over 50 million people each year in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The chikungunya and dengue viruses evolved in non-human primates in the forests of Africa and Asia where forest mosquitoes maintained the viruses in a monkey-to-monkey (sylvatic) transmission cycle. It is only in the last few hundred years that the viruses began to infect people and their domestic and peri-domestic mosquitoes and be maintained in a human-to-human (urban) transmission cycle. A lot is known about the human mosquitoes that carry dengue and chikungunya and control programs have been developed to try and prevent and control infections. Unfortunately, there is little data on the roles wild non-human primates and their mosquitoes play in transmission cycles as they are mainly found in relatively remote areas which lack local infrastructure and facilities for research. On the small Caribbean island of St Kitts, however, there is a large population of wild African green monkeys which are ubiquitous and relatively easy to study. Also, the island is easily accessible and has very good infrastructure and research facilities for the study of dengue and chikungunya which both occur on St Kitts. To investigate the role African green monkeys on St Kitts may play in sylvatic and urban transmission cycles of chikungunya and dengue viruses we intend to trap mosquitoes from each of the five well demarcated ecosystems on the island over two years to determine the mosquitoes present and their temporal and spatial distribution patterns. Pools of the mosquitoes will be tested for the presence of dengue and chikungunya viruses to determine which species are infected and hence likely vectors, and also where on the island infections are most common. Blood meals from fed mosquitoes will be analyzed by PCR to determine the animal hosts on which the different mosquito species feed, in particular monkeys and people. African green monkeys from the five ecosystems on the island will be tested for antibodies against dengue and chikungunya viruses to determine the pattern of exposure on the island. Together, this information will indicate if the African green monkeys on St Kitts might be involved in sylvatic and urban transmission cycles of dengue and chikungunya viruses and whether non-human primates might be important in the epidemiology of dengue and chikungunya in other parts of the world, notably Africa, Asia and South America, where people live in close proximity to wild populations of non-human primates.

基孔肯雅热和登革热是重要的病毒性疾病，分别影响5000多万人 在世界热带和亚热带地区的一年。基孔肯雅病毒和登革热病毒 在非洲和亚洲的森林里， 使病毒保持在猴-猴（森林）传播周期中。只是近 几百年来，病毒开始感染人类及其家庭和周边地区， 蚊子，并保持在人与人（城市）的传播周期。我们知道很多 关于携带登革热和基孔肯雅病的人类蚊子以及控制计划， 用来预防和控制感染不幸的是，关于这些角色的数据很少。 野生非人类灵长类动物和它们的蚊子在传播周期中玩耍，因为它们主要是 在缺乏当地基础设施和研究设施的相对偏远地区发现。上 然而，在加勒比海的一个小岛圣基茨岛上，却生活着大量的野生非洲绿色 猴子是普遍存在的，相对容易研究。此外，岛上很容易到达 并且有很好的基础设施和研究设施来研究登革热和基孔肯雅热 都发生在圣基茨岛 为了调查圣基茨岛上非洲绿色猴在森林和城市中的作用， 基孔肯雅病毒和登革热病毒的传播周期，我们打算从每个地方诱捕蚊子。 在岛上五个界限分明的生态系统中， 及其时空分布规律。10%的蚊子将接受测试 登革热和基孔肯雅病毒的存在，以确定哪些物种受到感染， 因此可能是病媒，而且在岛上感染最常见的地方。血粉 将通过PCR分析来自喂食的蚊子的病毒，以确定病毒在其上的动物宿主。 不同种类的蚊子捕食，特别是猴子和人。非洲绿色猴从 岛上的五个生态系统将进行登革热和基孔肯雅病抗体测试， 病毒来确定岛上的暴露模式总之，这些信息将 表明圣基茨岛上的非洲绿色猴子是否可能参与森林和城市的 登革热和基孔肯雅病毒的传播周期以及非人类灵长类动物是否可能 在世界其他地区的登革热和基孔肯雅病流行病学中发挥重要作用， 非洲，亚洲和南美洲，那里的人们生活在靠近野生种群的地方， 非人类灵长类动物