The role of African Green Monkeys in the epidemiology of Dengue and Chikungunya on St Kitts, West Indies

非洲绿猴在西印度群岛圣基茨登革热和基孔肯雅热流行病学中的作用

• 批准号: 9226818
• 负责人: Patrick Kelly
• 金额: $ 16.59万
• 依托单位: ROSS UNIVERSITY SCH/VETERINARY MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-19 至 2018-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9226818
• 关键词: Affect; Africa; Animals; Antibodies; Archives; Area; Asia; Blood; Budgets; Caribbean region; Cercopithecus pygerythrus; Chikungunya virus; Culicidae; Data; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Detection; Disease; Ecosystem; Epidemiology; Funding; Generic Drugs; Human; Infection; Infection Control; Island; Kansas; Minor; Molecular; Monkeys; Morbidity - disease rate; Neutralization Tests; Pattern; Play; Politics; Polynesia; Population; Population Dynamics; Positioning Attribute; Protocols documentation; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Role; Sampling; Serologic tests; South America; Spatial Distribution; Surveys; Testing; Universities; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; West Indies; Zika Virus; biobank; chikungunya; epidemiologic data; feeding; forest; improved; interest; nonhuman primate; prevent; programs; research facility; seropositive; transmission process; vector

Chikungunya and dengue are important viral diseases that affect over 50 million people each year in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The chikungunya and dengue viruses evolved in non-human primates in the forests of Africa and Asia where forest mosquitoes maintained the viruses in a monkey-to-monkey (sylvatic) transmission cycle. It is only in the last few hundred years that the viruses began to infect people and their domestic and peri-domestic mosquitoes and be maintained in a human-to-human (urban) transmission cycle. A lot is known about the human mosquitoes that carry dengue and chikungunya and control programs have been developed to try and prevent and control infections. Unfortunately, there is little data on the roles wild non-human primates and their mosquitoes play in transmission cycles as they are mainly found in relatively remote areas which lack local infrastructure and facilities for research. On the small Caribbean island of St Kitts, however, there is a large population of wild African green monkeys which are ubiquitous and relatively easy to study. Also, the island is easily accessible and has very good infrastructure and research facilities for the study of dengue and chikungunya which both occur on St Kitts. To investigate the role African green monkeys on St Kitts may play in sylvatic and urban transmission cycles of chikungunya and dengue viruses we intend to trap mosquitoes from each of the five well demarcated ecosystems on the island over two years to determine the mosquitoes present and their temporal and spatial distribution patterns. Pools of the mosquitoes will be tested for the presence of dengue and chikungunya viruses to determine which species are infected and hence likely vectors, and also where on the island infections are most common. Blood meals from fed mosquitoes will be analyzed by PCR to determine the animal hosts on which the different mosquito species feed, in particular monkeys and people. African green monkeys from the five ecosystems on the island will be tested for antibodies against dengue and chikungunya viruses to determine the pattern of exposure on the island. Together, this information will indicate if the African green monkeys on St Kitts might be involved in sylvatic and urban transmission cycles of dengue and chikungunya viruses and whether non-human primates might be important in the epidemiology of dengue and chikungunya in other parts of the world, notably Africa, Asia and South America, where people live in close proximity to wild populations of non-human primates.

基孔肯雅（Chikungunya）和登革热（Dengue）是重要的病毒疾病 在世界热带和亚热带地区的一年。基孔肯亚和登革热病毒 在非洲和亚洲森林的非人类灵长类动物中进化 将病毒保持在猴子到摩根（Sylvatic）的传输周期中。只是在最后 这些病毒开始感染人及其家庭和周围的几百年 蚊子并保持在人类对人类（城市）传播周期中。众所周知 关于携带登革热和基孔肯亚的人类蚊子和控制计划 开发旨在预防和控制感染。不幸的是，关于角色的数据很少 野生非人类灵长类动物及其蚊子在传输周期中发挥作用，因为它们主要是 在缺乏本地基础设施和研究设施的相对偏远地区发现。在 但是，加勒比小岛的圣基茨岛有大量野生非洲绿色 无处不在且相对易于研究的猴子。另外，该岛很容易到达 并具有非常好的基础设施和研究设施，可用于研究登革热和chikungunya 两者都出现在圣基茨上。 为了调查非洲绿猴在圣基茨上的作用，可能会在Sylvatic和Urban中扮演 Chikungunya和登革热病毒的传播周期我们打算从每个 在岛上的五个良好划分的生态系统中，有两年来确定蚊子 现在及其时间和空间分布模式。将测试蚊子的池 为了存在登革热和基孔肯雅病毒，以确定哪些物种感染了，并且 因此，可能是向量，也可能是岛上感染最常见的地方。血餐 PCR将分析从美联储的蚊子来确定动物宿主 不同的蚊子种类饲料，特别是猴子和人。非洲绿猴来自 岛上的五个生态系统将测试针对登革热和基孔肯雅的抗体 确定岛上暴露模式的病毒。在一起，这些信息将 指出圣基茨上的非洲绿猴是否可能参与Sylvatic和Urban 登革热和基孔肯雅病毒的传播周期以及非人类灵长类动物是否可能 在世界其他地区的登革热和基孔肯雅的流行病学中很重要，尤其是 非洲，亚洲和南美，人们靠近野生人口 非人类灵长类动物。