Alcohol Intoxication as a Risk Factor for Intimate Partner Aggression among Adults with ADHD

项目摘要： 本研究的主要目的是：（1）评估实施亲密伴侣攻击的风险是否 (IPA)在注意力缺陷多动的年轻人（21至35岁）中， 注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）比年轻的成年人没有ADHD，和（2）调查是否某些生物，神经， 和性格风险因素，可能会加强风险的成人多动症犯下IPA时， 喝醉了这项研究的长期目标是评估饮酒是否是一种更有效的 患有ADHD的年轻人比没有ADHD的年轻人IPV的风险因素，如果是这样，通过以下措施降低他们的IPA犯罪风险： 包括干预措施，以减少他们在现有治疗多动症的风险。患有ADHD的年轻人处于危险之中 对于IPV犯罪，初步证据表明，有问题的酒精使用更有可能预测 有ADHD的年轻人比没有ADHD的年轻人更容易患IPA。然而，目前尚不清楚年轻人是否 患有ADHD的成年人在酒精的影响下和受到刺激时更容易犯IPA。 此外，需要进行调查，以测试是否有特定的生物（例如，睾酮：皮质醇比率）， 神经学的（例如，行为抑制控制），和性格危险因素（例如，酒精攻击 预期）确定患有ADHD的成年人在醉酒和被激怒时犯IPA的风险增加。 为了弥补我们知识上的这些差距，66对异性恋夫妇，包括患有ADHD的年轻人和34对患有ADHD的年轻人， 异性恋夫妇，包括没有多动症的年轻人，将被招募参加一个酒精 行政管理研究参与者将被随机分配接受酒精饮料或 接受非酒精饮料，然后他们的合作伙伴导向的攻击水平， 挑衅将通过基于实验室的攻击任务来不引人注目地测量。我们假设 与清醒的ADHD成年人相比，醉酒的ADHD成年人在被激怒时会犯下更严重的IPA， 没有ADHD的成年人，无论是醉酒还是清醒。在患有ADHD的成年人中，我们还假设 醉酒并具有特定生物学、神经学和/或性格特征的人将 与患有ADHD但没有酒精促进的成年人相比， 同样的特征，或患有ADHD的成年人是清醒的，无论他们的生物，神经或性格 性状最后，我们假设有多种危险因素的ADHD成年人将面临最大的风险。 醉酒时的IPA犯罪。

Project Summary: The primary aims of this study are to: (1) Evaluate whether risk of perpetrating intimate partner aggression (IPA) when intoxicated is greater among young adults (aged 21 to 35 years) with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than young adults without ADHD, and (2) Investigate whether certain biological, neurological, and dispositional risk factors that may strengthen the risk of adults with ADHD perpetrating IPA when intoxicated. The long-term goal of this research is to evaluate whether alcohol consumption is a more potent risk factor for IPV in young adults with than without ADHD and, if so, to reduce their risk of IPA perpetration by including interventions to reduce their risk in existing treatments for ADHD. Young adults with ADHD are at-risk for IPV perpetration, and preliminary evidence indicates that problematic alcohol use is more likely to predict IPA among young adults with ADHD than those without ADHD. However, it remains unclear whether young adults with ADHD are more likely to perpetrate IPA when under the influence of alcohol and when provoked. Furthermore, investigations are needed to test whether specific biological (e.g., testosterone:cortisol ratio), neurological (e.g., behavioral inhibitory control), and dispositional risk factors (e.g., alcohol-aggression expectancies) identify adults with ADHD at increased risk of perpetrating IPA when intoxicated and provoked. To address these gaps in our knowledge, 66 heterosexual couples including young adults with ADHD and 34 heterosexual couples including young adults without ADHD will be recruited to participate in an alcohol administration study. Participants will be randomly assigned to either receive an alcoholic beverage or to receive a non-alcoholic beverage, and afterwards their level of partner-directed aggression in response to provocation will be unobtrusively measured via laboratory-based aggression task. We hypothesize that intoxicated adults with ADHD will perpetrate more severe IPA when provoked than sober adults with ADHD or adults without ADHD, regardless of being intoxicated or sober. Among adults with ADHD, we also hypothesize that individuals who are intoxicated and have specific biological, neurological, and/or dispositional traits will perpetrate more severe alcohol-facilitated IPA when provoked than intoxicated adults with ADHD but without the same traits, or adults with ADHD who are sober, regardless of their biological, neurological or dispositional traits. Finally, we hypothesize that adults with ADHD who have multiple risk factors will be at greatest risk of IPA perpetration when intoxicated.