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Metabolic Regulators of Corpus Luteum Function

黄体功能的代谢调节剂

基本信息

批准号：
9358300
负责人：
JOHN S DAVIS
金额：
$ 32.08万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-03 至 2022-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9358300
关键词：
Acute Affect Age Assisted Reproductive Technology Biological Models Cattle Cell Differentiation process Cells Cholesterol Contraceptive methods Data Development Disease Embryo Endocrine Endocrine Glands Estrous Cycle Event Fatty Acids Female Fertility Funding Opportunities Goals Gonadotropins Granulosa-Lutein Cells Hormone Responsive Hormones Human Impairment In Vitro Knowledge Length Light Lipids Longevity Luteal Cells Luteal Phase Luteinization Luteinizing Hormone Luteolysis Menstrual cycle Metabolic Metabolism Modeling Mono-S Obesity Organelles Ovarian Ovarian Cycles Ovary Overweight Ovulation Periodicity Pituitary Gonadotropins Population Pregnancy Pregnancy Maintenance Pregnancy loss Primates Process Production Progesterone Prostaglandins Proteomics Regulation Reproduction Research Role Signal Transduction Source Steroid biosynthesis Steroids Structure Testing Theca-Lutein Cells Time Tissues Triglycerides Weight Gain Woman cell type corpus luteum design fertility improvement folliculogenesis granulosa cell hormone sensitivity human tissue improved in vitro Model in vivo innovation insight novel reproductive theca cell

项目摘要

SUMMARY The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine gland whose structure and function are regulated by both luteotrophic factors that stimulate luteal function and luteolytic factors that inhibit luteal function. The CL is the primary source of progesterone during estrous or menstrual cycles and early pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, timely regression of the CL is required to resume normal estrous or menstrual cycles. The single most important factor involved in regulating the secretion of progesterone in the CL, irrespective of species, is luteinizing hormone (LH). This pituitary gonadotropin induces formation of the CL, and is capable of extending the functional life span of the CL. Secretion of progesterone is absolutely required for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy and inadequate progesterone secretion contributes to early pregnancy loss in women and cattle, the two model systems employed in this project. Female reproduction is affected by obesity and it is estimated that over half of reproductive age women are overweight or obese. Recent research suggests that weight gain can contribute to impaired function of the primate CL. Recent developments in other fields of research have shed light on the composition and role of intracellular lipid droplets (LD) as significant contributors to metabolic events and disease states. These understudied organelles are prominent components of steroidogenic cells but almost nothing is known about their role in the ovary and specifically their role in luteal function. A deeper understanding of the metabolic regulation of the CL has important implications for improving fertility. Lipid droplets accumulate during CL formation, presumptively for storage of the steroid precursor, cholesterol, and cellular energy in the form of fatty acids. Our preliminary data indicate that the lipid droplet may serve as a signaling platform for steroidogenesis and metabolism in the luteal cell. Furthermore the lipid droplet appears to be differentially regulated by luteotrophic and luteolytic hormones. There is a gap in our knowledge of the formation, composition, and function of LDs in ovarian steroidogenic cells. This proposal will test the hypothesis that LDs provide a metabolic or hormone-sensitive organelle which can provide cellular energy and/or store and mobilize substrate for progesterone synthesis. Furthermore, we hypothesize that the natural luteolysin PGF2α rapidly disrupts LD dynamics in vivo resulting in an acute inhibition of steroidogenesis. The project will employ state-of-the-art lipidomics and proteomics analysis to examine LDs and metabolic events driven by LH or PGF2α in bovine luteal cells and human granulosa-luteal cells. Our long-term objectives are to fully understand the cellular mechanisms of action of gonadotropins and the regulation of fertility. The short-term goals of this research are to discover new signaling events initiated by LH and PGF2α and to determine how these novel mechanisms contribute to innovative strategies for enhancing progesterone synthesis. The project will provide novel basic knowledge (derived from lipidomics and proteomic approaches) about ovarian lipid droplets and cellular metabolic events that are expected to advance a major conceptual breakthrough about the mechanisms controlling luteal function.

总结