The Role of Social Environment on Learning and Gene Regulation

社会环境对学习和基因调控的作用

• 批准号: 9470711
• 负责人: Chelsea Cook
• 金额: $ 5.67万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9470711
• 关键词: Affect; Animal Model; Antibodies; Bees; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Brain; Characteristics; Complex; Cooperative Behavior; Depression and Suicide; Disease; Disease Outcome; Double-Stranded RNA; Emotions; Environment; Exhibits; Face; Food; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Goals; Health; Honey; Hormones; Human; Immunohistochemistry; Individual; Lead; Learning; Life; Life Style; Location; Mediating; Mental Depression; Messenger RNA; MicroRNAs; Modeling; Neurotransmitter Receptor; Neurotransmitters; Obesity; Pattern; Pharmacology; Phenotype; Physiological; Physiology; Play; Proteins; Receptor Gene; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Societies; Source; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Testing; Training; Translating; Tyramine; United States National Institutes of Health; Urticaria; Western Blotting; base; behavior change; human disease; insight; knock-down; learned behavior; novel; prevent; receptor; receptor expression; social; tyramine receptor; undergraduate student

Project Summary Social environment plays a significant role in several of the most pressing issues humans face in a growing world. Social interaction can influence lifestyles that may lead to diseases, such as obesity, in closely connected individuals. People who are less connected are more at risk for depression and suicide. Conversely, happy emotions and cooperative behaviors spread quickly between individuals who are more closely connected. These connections are largely learned. While social environment clearly plays a critical role in human health, scientists have yet to determine the genetic or physiological mechanisms that underlie these learned patterns or their resulting disease outcomes. Honey bees have complex societies that are highly controllable for genetics and social environment, and can easily be evaluated for specific behaviors. Some honey bees will explore for new food, while others exploit a known food source, based on genetic predispositions to learn specific kinds of relationships. Furthermore, explorer bees have different neurotransmitters in their brains and their learning can be modulated pharmacologically. Based on these characteristics, honey bees can be used as a model society to explore the complex interactions of genetics, physiology, and social environment. With the use of advanced gene expression techniques, the first aim of this project will explore the regulation of a promising neurotransmitter receptor in the brain that is strongly implicated in learning behavior. This aim will fully characterize how the receptor is being regulated in honey bees that are foraging and learning differently, then identify differences in where the receptor is located in the brain between these individuals. The causal relationship between regulation of the receptor and behavior will then be established using gene knockdown techniques. Aim 2 will connect these results to social environment by modulating social interactions in individuals of known genetic background, then evaluating how behavior and gene expression of this receptor changes with social environment. This project includes the training undergraduate student in all aspects of research practices. Ultimately, the results of this postdoctoral research will provide insight into the important goals of the NIH by elucidating the relationship between social environment, underlying genetics of behavior, and shifts in behavior that lead to long term health effects of individuals and societies.

项目摘要 在人类面临的几个最紧迫的问题中，社会环境扮演着重要的角色 不断增长的世界。社会互动可以影响生活方式，这些生活方式可能会导致肥胖等疾病 紧密相连的个体。联系较少的人患抑郁症和自杀的风险更大。 相反，快乐的情绪和合作行为会在更多的人之间迅速传播 紧密相连。这些联系在很大程度上是后天习得的。虽然社会环境显然起着至关重要的作用 在人类健康中的作用，科学家们尚未确定基因或生理机制 这些习得的模式或其导致的疾病后果是基础。蜜蜂有复杂的社会 这些基因和社会环境是高度可控的，并且可以很容易地对特定的 行为。一些蜜蜂将探索新的食物，而另一些蜜蜂则利用已知的食物来源，基于 学习特定类型的关系的遗传倾向。此外，探险家蜜蜂已经 他们大脑和学习中的不同神经递质可以通过药物调节。基座 在这些特征上，蜜蜂可以作为探索复杂互动的模范社会 遗传学、生理学和社会环境。随着先进的基因表达技术的使用， 这个项目的第一个目标是探索大脑中一种有希望的神经递质受体的调节。 这与学习行为密切相关。这一目标将充分描述受体是如何 在觅食和学习不同的蜜蜂中进行调节，然后识别不同的 受体位于这些个体之间的大脑中。监管与监管之间的因果关系 然后将使用基因敲除技术来确定受体和行为。AIM 2将连接 这些结果通过调节已知基因个体的社会互动而对社会环境产生影响 背景，然后评估这种受体的行为和基因表达如何随着社会的变化而变化 环境。该项目包括培养本科生在各个方面的研究实践。 最终，这项博士后研究的结果将为NIH的重要目标提供洞察力 通过阐明社会环境、潜在的行为遗传学和社会环境变化之间的关系 导致个人和社会长期健康影响的行为。