Optically Induced Anisometropia

7.项目总结 出生后不久，大多数婴儿的双眼出现最佳屈光不正(即临床正视)。 然后在整个童年和成年早期保持。然而，出于目前尚未确定的原因， 据了解，有相当大且迅速增长的人口比例患有近视或 近视。因为随着眼睛变得近视，甚至近视，结构上的变化 近视程度较低，对多种致盲情况有很大风险。因此，近视是 现在是世界上导致永久性视力障碍的主要原因之一。我们的长期目标是 研究计划是为了更好地了解常见形式的近视的病因(例如， 青少年发病近视)，最终制定有效的治疗策略，减轻青少年近视负担 近视。我们提出的研究的具体目的是确定视觉体验如何影响屈光 发展，以表征视觉依赖的机制的操作特性 眼睛生长，并探索消除近视的新药物方法。由于许多所需的 实验不能在人体上进行，但我们的目的是产生可以应用的知识 为了人类的发育，这些实验将使用恒河猴进行。控制饲养 将使用战略以及光学和生物测量技术来确定：1)低血压的影响 环境光水平对正视化和眼睛生长中视力相关变化的影响，2) 环境光对轴向生长和折射发育的光谱组成，以及3)是否 腺苷受体拮抗剂可以延缓近视的发展。拟议中的实验集中在 关于视觉体验影响屈光发育的基本问题和 是确定视觉体验如何以及在多大程度上有助于 常见的人类屈光不正。更重要的是，这些研究的结果可能会提供 为最常见形式的定性新治疗和管理策略奠定科学基础 近视。

7. Project Summary Soon after birth, most infants develop the optimal refractive error (i.e., “clinical” emmetropia) in both eyes that is then maintained throughout childhood and into early adult life. However, for reasons not currently understood, a significant and rapidly increasing proportion of the population develop myopia or nearsightedness. Because of structural changes that take place as the eye becomes myopic, myopia, even low degrees of myopia, pose a significant risk for multiple blinding conditions. As a consequence, myopia is now one of the leading causes of permanent visual impairment in the world. The long-term goal of our research program is to provide a better understanding of the etiology of common forms of myopia (e.g., juvenile onset myopia) and ultimately to develop effective treatment strategies the reduce the burden of myopia. The specific aims of our proposed research are to determine how visual experience affects refractive development, to characterize the operational properties of the vision-dependent mechanisms that regulate eye growth, and to explore new pharmaceutical approaches to eliminate myopia. Since many of the required experiments can not be conducted in humans, but our purpose is to generate knowledge that can be applied to human development, these experiments will be conducted using rhesus monkeys. Controlled rearing strategies and optical and biometric measurement techniques will be used to determine: 1) the effects of low ambient light levels on emmetropization and vision-dependent changes in eye growth, 2) the influence of the spectral composition of ambient lighting on axial growth and refractive development, and 3) whether adenosine receptor antagonists can retard the development of myopia. The proposed experiments focus on fundamental issues concerning the manner in which visual experience influences refractive development and are an important step in determining how and to what extent visual experience contributes to the genesis of common human refractive errors. More importantly, the results of these studies will potentially provide the scientific foundation for qualitatively new treatment and management strategies for the most common forms of myopia.