Synthetic Methods based on Biphilic Phosphorus Catalysts

 描述（由申请人提供）：催化科学的进步使得用于治疗人类疾病的药剂的制备成为可能。该项目的长期目标是开发一大类廉价的非金属催化剂，以与后过渡金属催化剂相同的方式通过正式氧化态循环促进原子转移和键活化过程。在这一总体目标内，该提案的主要重点是设计和评估在PIII-PV氧化还原对中起作用的磷基催化剂。虽然膦在催化中作为过渡金属催化的旁观者配体和亲核催化剂已经得到了很好的应用，但这项研究将研究具有新型组成和结构的磷基催化剂，这些催化剂将探索通过可逆的PII-PV氧化态循环实现新的催化相关反应所需的结构和电子条件。第一个主要的努力是膦催化的O-原子转移方法，导致羰基化合物的还原双官能化的发展。第二个主要的努力是胺官能化反应，引发磷介导的键活化的发展。拟议的研究预计将产生新的实用催化方法，用于构建药理学相关的小分子，以满足可持续合成的挑战，并改善对p-嵌段结构和反应性之间相互作用的基本理解，这将支持未来非金属原子转移，键活化和催化的发展。总之，这些成果将推动非金属基催化的新的和强大的模式。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The preparation of pharmaceutical agents used to treat human disease is enabled by advances in catalytic science. This project has the long-term goal of developing a broad class of inexpensive nonmetal catalysts that promote atom transfer and bond activation processes via formal oxidation state cycling in much the same way that late transition metal catalysts operate. Within this overarching goal, the primary focus of this proposal is the design and evaluation of phosphorus-based catalysts that function in the PIII⇌PV redox couple. While phosphines are well-established in catalysis as spectator ligands for transition metal catalysis and as nucleophilic catalysts, this research will investigate phosphorus-based catalysts of novel composition and structure that explore the structural and electronic conditions required to enable new catalytically-relevant reactivity via reversible PII�PV oxidation state cycling. The first major effort is the development of phosphine-catalyzed O-atom transfer methods that result in reductive difunctionalization of carbonyl compounds. The second major effort is the development of amine functionalization reactions that are initiated by phosphorus-mediated bond activation. The proposed research is expected to yield new practical catalytic methods for the construction of pharmacologically-relevant small molecules that meet the challenges of sustainable synthesis, and an improved fundamental understanding the interplay between structure and reactivity in the p-block that will underpin future development of nonmetals for atom transfer, bond activation, and catalysis. Taken together, these outcomes will advance a new and powerful modality in nonmetal-based catalysis.