PRESCRIPTION DRUG USE IN THE US POPULATION: GATEWAY EFFECTS AND FAMILY PATTERNS

美国人口中的处方药使用：门户效应和家庭模式

• 批准号: 9033105
• 负责人: DENISE B KANDEL
• 金额: $ 41.16万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9033105
• 关键词: 17 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Alcohols; Analgesics; Animal Model; Behavioral Genetics; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Child; Cigarette; Code; Communities; Complement; County; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Data Sources; Development; Developmental Course; Drug Prescriptions; Drug usage; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnic group; Family; Fathers; Female; Funding; Genetic; Health; Heritability; Household; Individual; Interview; Investigation; Legal; Longitudinal Studies; Marijuana; Medical; Mothers; Natural History; Neighborhoods; Nicotine; Overdose; Parents; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Records; Reporting; Request for Proposals; Research; Respondent; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Siblings; Surveys; Testing; To specify; Tranquilizing Agents; Twin Multiple Birth; Youth; adolescent health; aged; base; design; genetic analysis; male; neighborhood disadvantage; novel; programs; racial and ethnic; sedative; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant: This proposal requests four years of support (12/01/2014-11/30/2018) to conduct secondary analyses of data from two national studies to gain an understanding of the natural history and risk factors for non-medical prescription drug use (NMPDU) (stimulants, sedatives, tranquilizers, pain relievers) in different groups in the US population. Four aims will be pursued. (1) To determine the position of NMPDU in the developmental sequence of drug involvement and, in particular, the role of Gateway drugs, nicotine, alcohol and marijuana, in the progression to NMPDU and compare adolescents and adults (NSDUH). (2) (a) To specify the association between parent and child on NMPDU, (b) to compare the association between parent and child on NMPDU with the association on three other drug classes: cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, (c) to identify the role of neighborhood factors on the association between parent and child on NMPDU (NSDUH). (3) To specify the extent of genetic liability for NMPDU in the context of different neighborhoods (Add Health). (4) To compare males vs. females and three racial/ethnic groups in Aims (1) - (3). Analyses will be conducted in two national data sets: (1) multiple surveys of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the annual nationally representative survey of drug use in the general US population aged 12 and older. The total samples as well as subsamples of matched parent-child pairs will be analyzed. (2) National samples of twins, full sibling, half-sibling pairs, and cousin in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a four-wave longitudinal study of former 7th-12th graders. The effects of neighborhood characteristics, including census-based indicators of neighborhood disadvantage and substate region rates of NMPDU, will also be considered. The analysis of the position of NMPDU in the developmental sequence of drug involvement, the analysis of a national sample of parent-child dyads, the assessment of genetic liability and the impact of neighborhood characteristics on NMPDU represent particularly unique and novel aspects of the proposed research. This program of epidemiological research addresses a crucial public health problem in the nation and, by providing a multifaceted understanding of NMPDU, will inform the development and implementation of prevention and intervention efforts designed to reduce NMPDU, and suggest hypotheses to be tested in animal models.

描述（由申请人提供：该提案要求四年的支持（12/01/2014-11/30/2018）对两项全国性研究的数据进行二次分析，以了解美国人口不同群体中非医疗处方药（NMPDU）（兴奋剂、镇静剂、镇静剂、止痛药）使用的自然史和风险因素。将追求四个目标。（1）确定 NMPDU 在药物参与的发展顺序中的作用，特别是 Gateway 药物、尼古丁、酒精和大麻在 NMPDU 进展中的作用，并比较青少年和成人 (NSDUH)。 (2) (a) 指定 NMPDU 上父母和孩子之间的关联，(b) 将 NMPDU 上父母和孩子之间的关联与其他三个药物类别上的关联进行比较： 香烟、酒精、大麻，(c) 以确定邻里因素对 NMPDU (NSDUH) 上父母和孩子之间关联的作用。 (3) 明确不同社区背景下 NMPDU 的遗传责任程度（Add Health）。 (4) 比较目标 (1) - (3) 中的男性与女性以及三个种族/族裔群体。将根据两个国家数据进行分析 组：(1) 国家药物使用与健康调查的多项调查，这是对 12 岁及以上美国普通人群药物使用情况进行的年度全国代表性调查。将分析总样本以及匹配的亲子对的子样本。 (2) 国家青少年健康纵向研究中的双胞胎、同父异母兄弟姐妹、同父异母兄弟姐妹对和表兄弟姐妹的国家样本，这是一项针对双胞胎的四波纵向研究 7 至 12 年级学生。邻里特征的影响，包括基于人口普查的邻里劣势指标和次州区域 NMPDU 率，也将被考虑。对 NMPDU 在药物参与的发展序列中的位置的分析、对全国亲子二人组样本的分析、遗传责任的评估以及邻里特征对 NMPDU 的影响代表了拟议研究的特别独特和新颖的方面。这个 流行病学研究计划解决了国家的一个关键公共卫生问题，并通过提供对 NMPDU 的多方面理解，将为旨在减少 NMPDU 的预防和干预工作的制定和实施提供信息，并提出在动物模型中进行测试的假设。