Food Insecurity Among Homeless and Precariously Housed Children and Families

无家可归和住房不稳定的儿童和家庭的粮食不安全

• 批准号: 9314696
• 负责人: BARRETT A LEE
• 金额: $ 9.22万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-15 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9314696
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Americas; Attention; Behavior; Capital; Caring; Child; Client; Clinical; Complex; Coupled; Data; Development; Dimensions; Disadvantaged; Effectiveness; Elderly; Family; Food; Food Access; Food Analysis; Government; Government Programs; Growth and Development function; Health; Health Policy; Health Professional; Homeless Youth; Homelessness; Household; Housing; Institutionalized Child; Intervention; Interview; Light; Link; Measures; Mental Health; Methodology; Modeling; Multivariate Analysis; Parents; Pattern; Performance; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Provider; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Resource Allocation; Respondent; Risk; Runaway; S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine; Sampling; Scholarship; Secure; Shelter facility; Source; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Theoretical model; Time; Underserved Population; Variant; base; chemotactic factor inactivator; experience; food security; improved; interest; member; nutrition; offspring; parental influence; physical conditioning; population survey; programs; psychosocial

Summary Current Population Survey (CPS) data document the persistence of food insecurity among America's children despite an array of government programs geared toward improving food access and nutrition. The significance of child food insecurity (or CFI) lies in its negative developmental, health, educational, and later-life consequences. Yet the members of the US population arguably most vulnerable to such consequences—homeless children and their families—are not captured by the CPS study design. Hence, much of what is known about homelessness and food insecurity comes from research that is local in scope, based on shelter or clinical samples, or restricted to certain kinds of homeless youth (e.g., adolescent runaways). Differences across studies in methodology and substantive emphasis, coupled with an atheoretical bent, further fragment this research and limit its integration into the larger body of food insecurity scholarship. To remedy these problems, we propose a comprehensive analysis of food insecurity among children in homeless and precariously housed families. Guiding our research is a theoretical model of family resource allocation in which risk and protective factors, operating partially through parents' managerial capacity, influence their offspring's access to food. Older (1996) but unexploited data from the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients (NSHAPC) are used to evaluate the model. The NSHAPC client interview contains selected child and adult measures drawn from the CPS food security module that allow us to (1) estimate the extent of CFI among homeless families, including comparisons to all US households with children, the subset of those households below the poverty line, and precariously housed families in the NSHAPC sample; (2) identify which theoretically relevant variables predict the likelihood of homeless and precariously housed families having food-insecure children, with attention to the relative importance of parental capital, parental vulnerabilities, family composition, and instrumental behaviors by parents (to achieve housing stability, obtain government assistance, and facilitate their children's institutional integration); (3) account for the food acquisition strategies of the sample families, detailing the number and types of food sources employed and the degree to which different strategies are associated with the factors noted in aim 2; and (4) probe the relationship between parent food insecurity and CFI within homeless and precariously housed families, which may be concordant (when parent and child food security statuses align) or discordant (when they do not). We address these four aims by examining the experiences of the 738 parent respondents (487 currently homeless, 251 precariously housed) in the NSHAPC sample and the 1,614 children under age 18 in their care. For the initial aim, 1996 CPS food security microdata will enable the necessary comparisons. Most of the descriptive and multivariate analyses, however, will examine variation among the NSHAPC families (homeless vs. precariously housed, food-insecure vs. secure).

总结 目前的人口调查（CPS）数据记录了美国儿童中持续存在的粮食不安全问题， 一系列旨在改善粮食供应和营养的政府计划。儿童食品的重要性 不安全感（或CFI）在于其负面的发展，健康，教育和晚年的后果。然而， 美国人可以说是最容易受到这种后果影响的人--无家可归的儿童及其家庭--却没有 通过CPS研究设计捕获。因此，人们对无家可归和粮食不安全的了解大部分来自于 研究范围是本地的，基于收容所或临床样本，或仅限于某些类型的无家可归的青年（例如， 青少年离家出走）。研究方法和实质性重点的差异，加上非理论性的 这进一步分散了这项研究，并限制了其融入更大的粮食不安全奖学金体系。补救 这些问题，我们提出了一个全面的分析粮食不安全的儿童在无家可归和不稳定的 安置家庭。指导我们研究的是一个家庭资源配置的理论模型，其中风险和保护性 部分通过父母的管理能力发挥作用的各种因素影响其后代获得食物的机会。03 The Lost（1996） 但来自全国无家可归者援助提供者和客户调查（NSHAPC）的未利用数据被用来 评估模型。NSHAPC客户访谈包含从CPS食品中提取的选定儿童和成人措施 安全模块，使我们能够（1）估计无家可归家庭的CFI程度，包括与所有美国 有子女的家庭、贫困线以下的家庭和居住在 NSHAPC样本;（2）确定哪些理论相关变量预测无家可归和不稳定的可能性 有粮食无保障儿童的住房家庭，注意父母资本的相对重要性， 脆弱性、家庭组成和父母的工具性行为（为了实现住房稳定， 政府援助，并促进其子女的机构融合）;（3）负责粮食采购 抽样家庭的战略，详细说明了所采用的食物来源的数量和类型，以及 不同的策略与目标2中提到的因素有关;（4）探索母体食物之间的关系 无家可归和住房不稳定家庭中的不安全感和CFI可能是一致的（当父母和孩子 粮食安全状况一致）或不一致（当它们不一致时）。我们通过研究经验来实现这四个目标 在NSHAPC样本中的738名父母受访者（487名目前无家可归，251名住房不稳定）和1，614名 18岁以下的儿童在他们的照顾。为了实现最初的目标，1996年CPS粮食安全微观数据将使必要的 比较。然而，大多数描述性和多变量分析将检查NSHAPC之间的变化 家庭（无家可归与住房不稳定、粮食不安全与安全）。