Prenatal exposure to traffic emissions and incident asthma in a birth cohort

出生队列中的产前交通尾气暴露和哮喘事件

• 批准号: 9132282
• 负责人: Lyndsey Darrow
• 金额: $ 7.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-25 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9132282
• 关键词: 8 year old; Accounting; Address; Age; Air; Air Pollution; Animals; Asthma; Birth; Caliber; Carbon; Carbon Monoxide; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Childhood Asthma; Chronic Disease; Communities; Data; Data Quality; Data Set; Development; Diagnosis; Diesel Exhaust; Education; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Exposure to; Funding; Health; Incidence; Individual; Investments; Joints; Life; Link; Location; Lung; Maternal Exposure; Medical History; Meteorology; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Oxides; Outcome; Particulate Matter; Pattern; Phenotype; Play; Pollution; Population; Poverty; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Public Health; Race; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Resolution; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; School-Age Population; Socioeconomic Factors; Source; Staging; Time; Uncertainty; ambient air pollution; cohort; design; environmental tobacco smoke exposure; follow-up; health data; infancy; land use; meter; models and simulation; modifiable risk; novel; offspring; particle; pollutant; prenatal; prenatal exposure; public health relevance; research study; residence; trafficking

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is growing evidence that the prenatal environment plays a role in the etiology of childhood asthma. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that children who develop asthma by school age already have 40% of their associated lung deficit at birth, and experimental studies in animals demonstrate that prenatal exposures to tobacco smoke, diesel exhaust, and other combustion-related particles can induce asthma in the offspring. The proposed research seeks to investigate the effect of exposure to ambient air pollution from traffic emissions during pregnancy on asthma incidence in childhood. We will study a well-characterized historical birth cohort of 19,169 mother-child pairs from Kaiser Permanente Georgia, a population with a high burden of asthma currently being studied as part of the Southeastern Center for Air Pollution and Epidemiology (SCAPE), an EPA-funded Clean Air Research Center. Daily spatially-resolved concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter <2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5), and PM2.5 elemental carbon will be assigned to each maternal address using a novel Bayesian hierarchical approach recently developed by SCAPE researchers. Calibrated Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) simulations at 4 kilometer grid resolution are downscaled to 250 meter grid resolution using a Bayesian space- time downscaler model that incorporates additional fine-scale traffic emissions data, land-use information and meteorology. The unified approach enables the propagation of exposure estimation uncertainty from all sources through the epidemiologic models. Using comprehensive longitudinal medical histories on the children in the cohort we will assess prenatal concentrations of traffic pollutants in relation to incident asthma by 2, 4, 6, and 8 years of age, including subanalyses restricted to asthma cases with evidence of continued morbidity at each follow-up age. We will also estimate the effect of cumulative exposures for the prenatal period through the first year of life taking into account possible synergistic effects between exposure windows; estimate the joint effects of multiple traffic-related pollutants; and conduct an in-depth assessment of confounding by individual-level and contextual socioeconomic factors. Our access to complete maternal residence information during the prenatal period will allow us to characterize patterns of residential mobility during pregnancy for a large contemporary U.S. cohort and estimate impacts of this mobility on exposure estimation. These results will be relevant to the design and interpretation of a broad range of epidemiologic studies relying on residence location at the time of birth to assign spatially-varying exposures during pregnancy. By leveraging previously collected health data and novel air quality models that integrate multiple sources of air quality information we will be able to efficiently investigae the study questions and advance our understanding of modifiable risk factors for asthma, the most common chronic disease of childhood.

 描述（由申请人提供）：越来越多的证据表明，产前环境在儿童哮喘的病因中起作用。流行病学证据表明，在学龄前患哮喘的儿童在出生时已经有40%的相关肺缺陷，动物实验研究表明，产前暴露于烟草烟雾，柴油机废气和其他燃烧相关颗粒可诱发后代哮喘。这项拟议的研究旨在调查怀孕期间暴露于交通排放的环境空气污染对儿童哮喘发病率的影响。我们将研究来自Kaiser Permanente格鲁吉亚的19，169对母婴对的良好特征的历史出生队列，该人群患有哮喘，目前正在研究东南空气污染和流行病学中心（SCAPE）的一部分，EPA资助的清洁空气研究中心。氮氧化物（NOx），一氧化碳（CO），直径<2.5微米的颗粒物（PM2.5）和PM2.5元素碳的每日空间分辨浓度将使用SCAPE研究人员最近开发的一种新的贝叶斯分层方法分配给每个母亲地址。校准的社区多尺度空气质量模型（CMAQ）模拟在4公里的网格分辨率被缩小到250米的网格分辨率使用贝叶斯时空缩小模型，结合额外的细尺度交通排放数据，土地使用信息和气象。统一的方法，使传播的暴露估计不确定性从所有来源通过流行病学模型。利用队列中儿童的全面纵向病史，我们将评估产前交通污染物浓度与哮喘事件的关系，分别为2、4、6和10。 8岁，包括仅限于在每个随访年龄有持续发病证据的哮喘病例的亚组分析。我们还将估计从出生前到出生后第一年累积暴露的影响，同时考虑暴露窗口之间可能的协同效应;估计多种交通相关污染物的联合影响;并对个人水平和背景社会经济因素的混杂进行深入评估。我们在产前期间获得完整的产妇居住信息，将使我们能够描述怀孕期间居住流动的模式， 一个大的当代美国队列，估计这种流动性对暴露估计的影响。这些结果将是相关的设计和解释广泛的流行病学研究依赖于出生时的居住地点分配空间变化的暴露在怀孕期间。通过利用先前收集的健康数据和整合多个空气质量信息来源的新型空气质量模型，我们将能够有效地调查研究问题，并推进我们对哮喘（儿童最常见的慢性疾病）可改变风险因素的理解。

项目成果

Associations of mobile source air pollution during the first year of life with childhood pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media.

• DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000007
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
• 作者: Kennedy CM;Pennington AF;Darrow LA;Klein M;Zhai X;Bates JT;Russell AG;Hansen C;Tolbert PE;Strickland MJ
• 通讯作者: Strickland MJ