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Causes and Consequences of Healthcare Efficiency

Causes and Consequences of Healthcare Efficiency
医疗保健效率的原因和后果
批准号:
9884525
负责人:
AMBER E BARNATO
金额:
$242.2万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2001
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2001-09-15 至 2023-02-28
关键词:
AddressAdvance Care PlanningAffectAgeAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAlzheimer&aposs disease related dementiaBenefits and RisksBenzodiazepinesCaringCharacteristicsClinicalClinical TrialsCognitionCommunity HospitalsComputing MethodologiesCoupledDataData AnalysesData SourcesDecision MakingDiagnosisDiagnosticDrug CombinationsDrug PrescriptionsEarly DiagnosisElderlyEnvironmentEnvironmental Risk FactorEvaluationFee-for-Service PlansGrowthHealthHealth PersonnelHealth PolicyHealth Services AccessibilityHealth and Retirement StudyHealthcareHeterogeneityHospital ClosuresHospitalsIncomeIndividualInpatientsInsuranceInterventionLawsLeadLegalLife ExpectancyMeasuresMedicaidMedicareMedicare/MedicaidMethodsModelingNatural experimentNursesOlder PopulationOpioid AnalgesicsOutcomePathway AnalysisPatient CarePatient PreferencesPatient-Focused OutcomesPatientsPatternPerformancePeripheral Vascular DiseasesPersonsPhysiciansPlayPoliciesPolicy AnalysisPricePrivatizationQuality of CareRegulationResearchResearch ProposalsRiskRoleSingle-Payer SystemSourceSurgeonSurveysSystemTestingTimeVariantVascular DiseasesVulnerable PopulationsWorkacute careadverse outcomeage groupbaseburden of illnesscare deliveryclinical Diagnosisclinical decision-makingclinical practicecostdata registrydisease registryhealth care deliveryhealth care service organizationhealth care service utilizationhealth datahigh riskhypnoticimprovedinnovationmouse modelnegative affectnovel strategiesorganizational structureoutcome forecastpaymentrandomized trialsedative

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英文摘要
CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF HEALTHCARE EFFICIENCY: OVERVIEW  U.S. health care spending is at an all-­time high, yet life expectancy is stagnant, raising concerns that  projected spending growth won’t lead to commensurate health gains. This is a problem especially pertinent to  older adults, with a high burden of illness and intense use of health care. In this P01 renewal application, we  propose to continue our long-­standing work identifying efficiency and inefficiency in U.S. health care by  applying sophisticated empirical methods to more than 1 billion person-­years of health data. We address 3  topics integral to health care delivery efficiency: First, our exploration of challenges in clinical decision making  is expected to identify systematic underuse of effective care and overuse of ineffective care, and provide  evidence where clinical trials are lacking. Second, we will examine the role of the health care delivery  environment – how do patient-­sharing networks, payment models, and regulations affect patient health? Third,  through our multi-­payer data, we seek to understand the limitations of policy analysis arising from a focus on  just Medicare or private (commercial) data. For example, we seek to measure how high commercial payment  rates affect access for Medicare or Medicaid enrollees. All projects aim to measure and improve quality of care  for older, vulnerable populations, including people with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementia (ADRD).    We propose 3 cores and 5 projects.  Core A provides administrative support, Core B coordinates data;;  and Core C (Methods) develops new approaches to network analysis used in all 5 projects. In Project 1,  “Correlates and Consequences of Making an Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Diagnosis,” we use the 100%  Medicare files and clinically rich survey data to document variation in ADRD diagnosis, and test whether early  diagnosis is, on net, beneficial to patients.  Project 2, “The Causes and Consequences of Risky Prescribing,”  uses Medicare Part D prescription data to study adverse outcomes associated with individual drugs and drug  combinations including opioid analgesics, benzodiazepines, and sedative hypnotics. We consider forces  influencing high-­risk prescribing, such as shared-­patient networks and legal restrictions. Project 3, “Identifying  Efficient Health Care Providers: Evidence from Hospital Closures and Registry Data” uses peripheral vascular  disease (PAD) registry data, and claims data, to estimate the relative expertise of community hospitals. This  project will validate methods with natural experiments (hospital closing) and an ongoing randomized trial.  Project 4, “Causes and Consequences of Variation in Public and Private Payment Rates,” hypothesizes that  high commercial reimbursement rates can negatively affect access to care for Medicare and Medicaid patients.  Finally, Project 5, “Physician Cognition, Inpatient Advance-­Care Planning, and Outcomes for Seriously Ill Older  Adults,” uses a combination of observational and experimental (randomized-­trial) research in 250 community  hospitals across the U.S. to improve the quality of inpatient physician decision-­making.
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Empirical Classification of the Typologies of Hospital Deaths
  • 批准号:
    10261322
  • 项目类别:
  • 资助金额:
    $20.5万
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 负责人:
    AMBER E BARNATO
  • 依托单位:
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