Mechanical Regulation of Cell Migration

细胞迁移的机械调节

• 批准号: 9754204
• 负责人: Yu-li Wang
• 金额: $ 30.2万
• 依托单位: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-28 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9754204
• 关键词: Address; Adhesions; Affect; Age; Behavior; Cell Differentiation process; Cell Nucleus; Cell Polarity; Cell Shape; Cell Size; Cell physiology; Cells; Cellular Structures; Centrosome; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chemotaxis; Clinical Treatment; Complement; Coupling; Cues; Destinations; Embryonic Development; Environment; Event; Excision; Fibroblasts; Focal Adhesions; Generations; Goals; Health; Human; Knowledge; Malignant Neoplasms; Mechanics; Mediating; Metastatic to; Microfabrication; Microfluidics; Micromanipulation; Microtubule-Organizing Center; Microtubules; Modeling; Movement; Output; Pathologic Processes; Physiological Processes; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Regulation; Research; Role; Signal Transduction; Speed; Surface; Tail; Testing; Thinness; Traction; Walking; Work; Wound Healing; ZYX gene; base; cancer therapy; cell growth; cell motility; design; experimental study; interdisciplinary approach; mechanical force; migration; novel; physical state; polarized cell; public health relevance; response; tissue regeneration; tissue repair

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this project is to understand how physical signals complement chemical signals for modulating cellular functions and interactions with the environment. Adherent cells generate mechanical forces to propel migration and drive environment remodeling. They also use mechanical forces to probe the environment, sense their own physical state, communicate with neighboring cells, and possibly coordinate functions within the cell. Previous studies suggested that these physical interactions regulate cell growth, differentiation, and migration, and affect a broad range of health-related issues such as tissue repair and cancer. This project will apply a combination of materials, microfabrication, micromanipulation, microfluidic, and computational approaches to understand mechanical activities and their regulation at the front and rear of a migrating cell. The first aimis designed to determine how the front end of a cell detects surface rigidity and how cellular mechanical output is regulated in relation to the state of migration. The second aim is designed to determine how the rear end of a cell is positioned, and how microtubules, centrosomes, and intracellular tension may regulate the process. Information from this project will have a broad impact on human health, particularly tissue regeneration, embryogenesis, and cancer treatment.

 该项目的长期目标是了解物理信号如何补充化学信号，以调节细胞功能和与环境的相互作用。贴壁细胞产生机械力来推动迁移和驱动环境重塑。它们还使用机械力来探测环境，感知自身的物理状态，与相邻细胞进行通信，并可能协调细胞内的功能。以前的研究表明，这些物理相互作用调节细胞生长，分化和迁移，并影响广泛的健康相关问题，如组织修复和癌症。该项目将应用材料，微加工，微操作，微流体和计算方法的组合，以了解迁移细胞前后的机械活动及其调节。第一个目的是确定细胞的前端如何检测表面硬度以及细胞的机械输出如何与迁移状态相关。第二个目标是确定细胞的后端是如何定位的，以及微管、中心体和细胞内张力如何调节这一过程。该项目的信息将对人类健康产生广泛影响，特别是组织再生，胚胎发育和癌症治疗。