EMPLOYING LONGITUDINAL AND SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSES TO EXAMINE HOW INTERACTING SMALL GROUP NORMS INFLUENCE COLLEGE STUDENT ALCOHOL USE

采用纵向和社交网络分析来研究互动的小团体规范如何影响大学生的酒精使用

• 批准号: 9755613
• 负责人: Scott Anthony Graupensperger
• 金额: $ 2.56万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2020-01-07
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9755613
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; American; Attitude; Behavior; Brain; Consensus; Data; Development; Environment; Equation; Etiology; Fellowship; Group Processes; Group Structure; Health; Individual; Injury; Intercept; Intervention; Knowledge; Measures; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Peer Group; Perception; Persons; Population; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Sampling; Scientist; Self Concept; Social Desirability; Social Identification; Social Network; Social Processes; Social status; Sports; Structure; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Training; Unemployment; alcohol misuse; alcohol prevention; base; college; density; design; drinking; emerging adult; indexing; innovation; insight; member; mortality; multilevel analysis; novel; peer; peer influence; pressure; psychosocial; public health relevance; social; social norm; student drinking; theories; university student; willingness

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol misuse among college students is a national public health concern and remains a top priority for NIAAA. To facilitate prevention and intervention efforts, it is critical to gain understanding of the psychosocial etiology underpinning college student alcohol use. There is strong evidence that social norms (i.e., perceptions of peers’ alcohol-related attitudes and behaviors) are among the most robust predictors of students’ alcohol use. This normative influence may be particularly strong within the small proximal peer groups that students belong to, such as student clubs and organizations. Given that several large national surveys have indicated that over 70% of American college students join a formal club or organization, these groups represent a promising platform for prevention and intervention, but they are currently understudied. The central objective of this research is to better understand students’ adherence, or conformity, to the group drinking norms of their student clubs. Specifically, this project seeks to answer three questions: Aim 1) Which students are more susceptible to normative group influence, and which groups promote greater norm adherence among members? Aim 2) What is the longitudinal direction of the association between perceived group drinking norms and members’ alcohol use? and Aim 3) Do group members obtain socially desirable outcomes (e.g., popularity) when they adhere to the drinking norms of their group? To address these novel research questions, the applicant will collect longitudinal data (3 waves; N=350), using a social network design, from 25 collegiate club sport teams. The applicant will employ social network analysis (SNA) to capture objective, sociometrically derived indices of group structures (i.e., density) and identify where each member sits within respective groups’ status hierarchy (i.e., centrality), to test whether these network indices amplify or depress the association between perceived group drinking norms and student alcohol use (Aim 1). Longitudinal structural equation modeling will be used to identify whether perceived group drinking norms predict alcohol use (conformity), alcohol use predicts perceptions of group drinking norms (projection), or this association is temporally reciprocal (Aim 2). Finally, the applicant will compute an empirically derived measure of correspondence between group drinking norms and alcohol use (i.e., norm-adherence) by extracting person-specific slopes generated from multilevel models and using multilevel negative binomial regression to test whether norm adherence across time predicts social acceptance and status within the group (Aim 3). By uncovering the nature of normative influence in small groups, the findings from this project represent a paradigm shift in social norms research and are well-suited to generate insights about how to redesign alcohol prevention strategies to target modifiable aspects of small groups. Under a team of expert mentors (Drs. Blair Evans, Rob Turrisi, Nancy Barnett, Jason Kilmer, and Bethany Bray), this fellowship will provide necessary theoretical, methodological, and professional training to aid the applicant’s development into an independent research scientist.

项目总结/摘要 大学生中的酒精滥用是一个国家公共卫生问题，仍然是NIAAA的首要任务。 为了促进预防和干预工作，关键是要了解心理社会病因 支持大学生饮酒。有充分的证据表明，社会规范（即，同伴认知 与酒精有关的态度和行为）是学生饮酒的最有力的预测因素。这 规范性影响在学生所属的小的邻近同龄群体中可能特别强， 例如学生俱乐部和组织。几项大型全国性调查显示， 的美国大学生加入正式的俱乐部或组织，这些团体代表了一个有前途的平台， 预防和干预，但目前研究不足。这项研究的主要目的是更好地 了解学生对学生俱乐部集体饮酒规范的遵守情况。具体地说， 本研究试图回答三个问题：目的1）哪些学生更容易受到规范群体的影响 影响力，哪些群体促进成员之间更大的规范遵守？目标2）什么是纵向 感知的群体饮酒规范与成员饮酒之间的关联方向？目标3）做 组成员获得社会期望的结果（例如，当他们遵守饮酒规范时， 他们的组？为了解决这些新的研究问题，申请人将收集纵向数据（3波; N=350），使用社会网络设计，从25个大学俱乐部运动队。申请人将雇用社会 网络分析（SNA），以捕捉客观的，社会计量学衍生的群体结构指数（即，密度） 并识别每个成员在相应组的状态层次结构中的位置（即，中心性），以测试是否 这些网络指数放大或抑制了感知的群体饮酒规范和学生之间的关联， 酒精使用（目标1）。纵向结构方程模型将用于识别是否感知组 饮酒规范预测酒精使用（一致性），酒精使用预测群体饮酒规范的感知 （投影），或者这种关联是时间上相互的（目标2）。最后，申请人将根据经验计算 群体饮酒规范和酒精使用之间的对应性的衍生测量（即，规范遵守） 提取从多水平模型生成的个人特定斜率，并使用多水平负二项 回归测试是否随时间的规范遵守预测社会接受和地位的群体 (Aim（3）第三章。通过揭示小群体中规范性影响的本质，该项目的研究结果代表了 社会规范研究的范式转变，非常适合产生关于如何重新设计酒精的见解 针对小群体可改变方面的预防战略。在一个专家导师团队（布莱尔博士 埃文斯，罗布Turrisi，南希巴内特，贾森基尔默，和贝瑟尼布雷），这项研究将提供必要的 理论，方法和专业培训，以帮助申请人的发展成为一个独立的 研究科学家

项目成果

Growing into "Us": Trajectories of Social Identification with College Sport Teams Predict Subjective Well-Being.

• DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12207
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-HEALTH AND WELL BEING
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Graupensperger, Scott;Panza, Michael J.;Evans, M. Blair;Budziszewski, Ross
• 通讯作者: Budziszewski, Ross