Examining How Graphic Cigarette Warnings Motivate Young Adults to Quit Smoking

研究图形香烟警告如何激励年轻人戒烟

• 批准号: 9760605
• 负责人: Andrea C. Johnson
• 金额: $ 3.85万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2020-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9760605
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affective; Age; Anger; Area; Attention; Cause of Death; Cigarette; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Exhibits; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; Fellowship; Foundations; Fright; Future; Goals; Imagery; Individual; Industry; Intervention; Knowledge; Label; Legal; Literature; Malignant Neoplasms; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Motivation; Outcome Measure; Participant; Policy Maker; Population; Prevention Research; Process; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Risk; Sampling; Scientist; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Statistical Data Interpretation; Text; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; Training Activity; Uncertainty; United States Food and Drug Administration; Universities; Vulnerable Populations; Washington; Work; Youth; behavior change; cancer prevention; cancer risk; career; cigarette smoking; cigarette warning label; design; improved; lifetime risk; non-smoker; post intervention; prospective; randomized trial; response; risk perception; skills; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; societal costs; success; theories; tobacco control; tobacco prevention; tobacco products; visual imagery; young adult

Project Summary Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S., accounting for approximately 30% of all cancer cases and incurring upwards of $300 billion in societal costs each year. Although the prevalence of smoking among youth has declined recently, this success is offset by delayed cigarette initiation among young adults ages 18 to 30. Graphic warning labels conveying the risks of smoking through text and vivid imagery are a recommended part of comprehensive tobacco control interventions. Graphic warning labels have been shown to motivate cessation and increase quit attempts. However, research is needed to understand how and why graphic warnings work in vulnerable groups such as young adults to inform strategies for improving their efficacy. Some research indicates graphic warnings promote cessation by shifting deliberative risk perceptions (e.g., perceived threat), while other studies indicate warnings that impact affective risk perceptions (e.g., worry) are most effective. There is also evidence that some individuals are inherently risk averse while others are risk seeking, developmental factors that are tuned in young adulthood and may influence young smokers' responses to graphic warnings. This F31 fellowship includes training and research activities aiming to advance this topic by analyzing data from a prospective randomized trial of graphic cigarette warning labels in a sample of young adult smokers ages 18-30 from the Washington, DC area. The specific research goals are to: 1) examine the deliberative and affective mechanisms through which graphic warnings motivate young smokers to quit and 2) examine if individual dispositional factors moderate their effect. The training and research activities will help advance the applicant's training goals to develop expertise in cancer prevention research with an emphasis on tobacco prevention and control, develop specialized knowledge in risk perception theory and measurement, and gain new skills in experimental design and statistical analysis. The fellowship will assist the applicant to reach her long-term career goal as a cancer prevention research scientist with support from the Primary Sponsor Darren Mays, PhD, MPH (Georgetown University) and Co-Sponsor Monique Turner, PhD (George Washington University).

项目概要 吸烟是美国主要的可预防死亡原因，约占美国 占所有癌症病例的 30%，每年造成高达 3000 亿美元的社会成本。虽然 青少年吸烟率最近有所下降，这一成功被延迟开始吸烟所抵消 18至30岁的年轻人。图形警示标签通过文字和生动的方式传达吸烟的风险 图像是综合烟草控制干预措施的推荐部分。图形警告标签有 已被证明可以激励戒烟并增加戒烟尝试。然而，需要研究来了解如何 以及为什么图形警告对年轻人等弱势群体有效，可以为改进策略提供信息 他们的功效。一些研究表明，图形警告可以通过转移故意风险来促进戒烟 认知（例如，感知到的威胁），而其他研究表明警告会影响情感风险认知 （例如，担心）是最有效的。还有证据表明，有些人天生厌恶风险，但 其他的是风险寻求和发展因素，这些因素在成年初期就会调整，并可能影响年轻人 吸烟者对图形警告的反应。该 F31 奖学金包括培训和研究活动，旨在 通过分析来自图形香烟警告标签的前瞻性随机试验的数据来推进这一主题 来自华盛顿特区地区 18-30 岁的年轻吸烟者样本。具体研究目标是： 1) 检查图形警告激励年轻吸烟者的深思熟虑和情感机制 戒烟；2）检查个人性格因素是否会减轻其影响。培训和研究活动 将有助于推进申请人的培训目标，以培养癌症预防研究方面的专业知识 强调烟草预防和控制，发展风险感知理论和 测量，并获得实验设计和统计分析的新技能。该奖学金将协助 申请人在癌症预防研究科学家的支持下实现其长期职业目标 主要发起人 Darren Mays 博士、公共卫生硕士（乔治城大学）和共同发起人 Monique Turner 博士 （乔治华盛顿大学）。