Social Capital and Late HIV Diagnosis in the United States

美国的社会资本和艾滋病毒晚期诊断

• 批准号: 9893899
• 负责人: Yusuf Ransome
• 金额: $ 14.99万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-06 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9893899
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Advisory Committees; Affect; African American; American; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Authorization documentation; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caribbean region; Cells; Cities; Clinical Research; Committee Members; Communities; Competence; Data; Diagnosis; Disclosure; Environment; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnography; Evaluation; Funding; General Population; Geography; Goals; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV diagnosis; Health Policy; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Household; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Incidence; Individual; Institutes; International; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Learning; Link; Mediating; Mentors; Methods; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; New York; New York City; Pennsylvania; Persons; Philadelphia; Population; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Probability; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Qualitative Research; Race; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Series; Structure; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Training; Trust; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Viral; Viral Load result; Writing; base; community based participatory research; design; disparity reduction; econometrics; ethnic difference; implementation science; improved; innovation; lens; medication compliance; member; mortality; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racial disparity; research and development; social; social capital; social cohesion; social determinants; social health determinants; social stigma; social structure; socioeconomics; surveillance data; therapy development; transmission process

Project Summary DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) is to prepare the candidate with competencies to become an independent NIH-funded researcher. The candidate’s long-term goal is to develop expertise in HIV prevention research and in community-level HIV prevention design, implementation, and evaluation. The proposed research in the K01 period is to investigate the role of community-level mechanisms linking social capital to late HIV diagnosis in the United States (US). Late HIV diagnosis remains a persistent public health threat in the US; it is associated with poorer survival among HIV+ persons, and drives onward HIV transmission in the community. The association among social capital, mediating mechanisms and HIV diagnosis remains under-investigated in the US. Aim 1: To characterize the longitudinal relationship between social capital and late HIV diagnosis across race/ethnicity. AIM 2: To investigate mechanisms (HIV testing and HIV stigma) in relation to the association between social capital and late HIV diagnosis across race/ethnicity. AIM 3: To develop and pilot social capital indicators, tailored to HIV prevention. The candidate will develop additional training through didactic coursework in 1) advanced quantitative and qualitative research methods including spatial econometrics, ethnography, and community based participatory research; 2) epidemiologic/clinical study design, and 3) intervention development. The candidate will be mentored by a team of internationally renowned experts in HIV prevention research, social determinants of health, causal inference, and HIV surveillance systems. Mentor and advisory committee members are from Harvard University, City University of New York, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, Emory University, and University of Pennsylvania. Institutional resources available to the candidate include Harvard Center for AIDS Research and The Fenway Institute. Findings from the proposed research will provide the competencies and preliminary data for the candidate to write an R01 or R34 proposal to develop, implement, and evaluate a community-level social capital-based HIV prevention intervention.

项目摘要 描述(由申请人提供)：建议的科学家指导职业发展的目的 奖项(K01)是为了让候选人具备成为NIH资助的独立研究人员的能力。 候选人的长期目标是发展艾滋病毒预防研究和社区层面的艾滋病毒专业知识 预防设计、实施和评估。在K01期间的拟议研究是为了调查 社区层面的机制在美国将社会资本与晚期艾滋病毒诊断联系起来的作用。 在美国，较晚的艾滋病毒诊断仍然是一个持续的公共卫生威胁；它与较差的存活率有关 在艾滋病毒+人群中传播，并推动艾滋病毒在社区中的传播。社会团体之间的联系 在美国，资本、调解机制和艾滋病毒诊断仍处于调查之中。目标1：实现 描述不同种族/民族的社会资本和晚期艾滋病毒诊断之间的纵向关系。 目标2：调查与社会和社会之间的联系的机制(艾滋病毒检测和艾滋病毒污名) 首都和跨种族/族裔的艾滋病毒晚期诊断。目标3：制定和试点社会资本指标， 为预防艾滋病毒量身定做。应聘者将在1)中通过授课课程进行额外培训 先进的定量和定性研究方法，包括空间计量经济学、民族志和 社区参与性研究；2)流行病学/临床研究设计；3)干预 发展。候选人将由一个国际知名的艾滋病毒预防专家团队进行指导 研究、健康的社会决定因素、因果推断和艾滋病毒监测系统。导师和顾问 委员会成员来自哈佛大学、纽约城市大学、公共研究生院 健康与健康政策，埃默里大学和宾夕法尼亚大学。可利用的机构资源 候选人包括哈佛艾滋病研究中心和芬威研究所。研究结果： 建议的研究将为候选人提供撰写R01或R34的能力和初步数据 关于制定、实施和评估社区一级以社会资本为基础的艾滋病毒预防的建议 干预。