Social Capital and Late HIV Diagnosis in the United States

美国的社会资本和艾滋病毒晚期诊断

• 批准号: 9528774
• 负责人: Yusuf Ransome
• 金额: $ 13.02万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-06 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9528774
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Advisory Committees; Affect; African American; American; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Authorization documentation; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caribbean region; Cells; Cities; Clinical Research; Committee Members; Communities; Competence; Data; Diagnosis; Disclosure; Environment; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnography; Evaluation; Funding; General Population; Geography; Goals; Grant; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV diagnosis; Health Policy; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Household; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Incidence; Individual; Institutes; International; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Learning; Link; Mediating; Mentors; Methods; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; New York; New York City; Pennsylvania; Persons; Philadelphia; Population; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Probability; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Qualitative Research; Race; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Series; Structure; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Training; Trust; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Viral; Viral Load result; Writing; base; cohesion; community based participatory research; design; disparity reduction; ethnic difference; implementation science; improved; innovation; lens; medication compliance; member; mortality; permissiveness; preventive intervention; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racial disparity; research and development; social; social capital; social health determinants; social stigma; socioeconomics; surveillance data; therapy development; transmission process

Project Summary DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) is to prepare the candidate with competencies to become an independent NIH-funded researcher. The candidate’s long-term goal is to develop expertise in HIV prevention research and in community-level HIV prevention design, implementation, and evaluation. The proposed research in the K01 period is to investigate the role of community-level mechanisms linking social capital to late HIV diagnosis in the United States (US). Late HIV diagnosis remains a persistent public health threat in the US; it is associated with poorer survival among HIV+ persons, and drives onward HIV transmission in the community. The association among social capital, mediating mechanisms and HIV diagnosis remains under-investigated in the US. Aim 1: To characterize the longitudinal relationship between social capital and late HIV diagnosis across race/ethnicity. AIM 2: To investigate mechanisms (HIV testing and HIV stigma) in relation to the association between social capital and late HIV diagnosis across race/ethnicity. AIM 3: To develop and pilot social capital indicators, tailored to HIV prevention. The candidate will develop additional training through didactic coursework in 1) advanced quantitative and qualitative research methods including spatial econometrics, ethnography, and community based participatory research; 2) epidemiologic/clinical study design, and 3) intervention development. The candidate will be mentored by a team of internationally renowned experts in HIV prevention research, social determinants of health, causal inference, and HIV surveillance systems. Mentor and advisory committee members are from Harvard University, City University of New York, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, Emory University, and University of Pennsylvania. Institutional resources available to the candidate include Harvard Center for AIDS Research and The Fenway Institute. Findings from the proposed research will provide the competencies and preliminary data for the candidate to write an R01 or R34 proposal to develop, implement, and evaluate a community-level social capital-based HIV prevention intervention.

项目摘要 描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的指导科学家职业发展的目的 奖项（K 01）是准备候选人的能力，成为一个独立的NIH资助的研究人员。 候选人的长期目标是发展艾滋病毒预防研究和社区一级艾滋病毒方面的专门知识 预防设计、实施和评价。建议在K 01期进行的研究是调查 在美国，社区一级机制将社会资本与艾滋病毒晚期诊断联系起来的作用。 在美国，晚期艾滋病毒诊断仍然是一个持续的公共卫生威胁;它与生存率降低有关 在艾滋病毒阳性者中，并推动艾滋病毒在社区中的传播。社会之间的联系 资本，中介机制和艾滋病毒诊断在美国仍然调查不足。目标1： 描述社会资本和艾滋病毒晚期诊断之间的纵向关系。 目的2：探讨艾滋病毒检测和艾滋病污名化与社会因素之间的关系， 艾滋病毒感染率和晚期诊断率。目标3：制定和试行社会资本指标， 专门针对艾滋病毒预防。候选人将通过1）中的教学课程进行额外的培训 先进的定量和定性研究方法，包括空间计量经济学、民族志和 基于社区的参与性研究; 2）流行病学/临床研究设计; 3）干预 发展候选人将由一个国际知名的艾滋病毒预防专家小组指导 研究、健康的社会决定因素、因果推理和艾滋病毒监测系统。导师和咨询 委员会成员来自哈佛大学、纽约城市大学、公共管理研究生院、 健康和健康政策，埃默里大学和宾夕法尼亚大学。机构资源， 候选人包括哈佛艾滋病研究中心和芬威研究所。Findings from the 建议的研究将提供候选人撰写R 01或R34的能力和初步数据 制定、实施和评估社区一级基于社会资本的艾滋病毒预防的建议 干预