Toward a human adult brain cell atlas with single-cell technologies

摘要 人脑是一个极其复杂的网络，其空间组织和功能 嵌在神经胶质细胞中的连接神经元。比老鼠的大脑快三个数量级 就细胞的绝对数量而言，可能具有更复杂的组织 与人类特有的认知功能相关的结构。定义完整的单元格地图集 人脑，包括所有细胞类型(即所有部分)及其空间分布的完整目录， 是理解人类认知机器的关键一步。 在这个项目中，我们将极大地扩展我们以前的努力，以建立一个完整和 人类全脑的空间分辨细胞图谱，使用三种新颖的组合 可扩展的单细胞测序和原位成像技术。新颖的计算方式 还将制定在这些较大范围内整合和分析数据的方法。 我们将系统地将这些方法应用于MRI扫描的人类整个大脑，以产生 参考女性和男性大脑的细胞图谱，并构建空间多组学图谱 人类的成人大脑。

Abstract Human brain is an exceedingly complex network of spatially organized and functionally connected neurons imbedded in glia. In surpasses the mouse brain by three orders of magnitude in terms of sheer numbers of cells, and likely has a more complex organization structure relevant to human-specific cognitive functions. Defining a complete cell atlas of the human brain, including a full catalog of all cell types (i.e. all parts) and their spatial distribution, is a critical step towards understanding the human cognitive machine. In this project we will greatly expand our previous efforts towards building a complete and spatially resolved cell atlas of the human whole brain, using a combination of three novel technologies for scalable single-cell sequencing and in situ imaging. Novel computational approaches will also be developed for integration and analysis of data at these larger scales. We will systematically apply these methods to MRI-scanned human whole brains to produce reference cell maps for female and male brains, and construct a spatial multi-omic map of the human adult brain.