Understanding the electrical properties of brain tissues

了解脑组织的电特性

• 批准号: 9914938
• 负责人: MASSOUD AKHTARI
• 金额: $ 6.64万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9914938
• 关键词: Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Applications Grants; Area; Benchmarking; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Brain region; Calcium; Chlorine; Chronic; Coupled; Data; Devices; Diffusion; Disease; Disease Progression; Electric Conductivity; Electrocorticogram; Electrodes; Electroencephalogram; Elements; Epilepsy; Epileptogenesis; Etiology; Evaluation; Excision; Future; Goals; Gold; Health; Human; Implant; Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry; Infection; Injury; Intractable Epilepsy; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Nerve Degeneration; Normal tissue morphology; Operative Surgical Procedures; Patients; Plasma; Population; Potassium; Process; Property; Research; Research Technics; Risk; Rodent Model; Scalp structure; Scanning; Seizures; Seminal; Signal Transduction; Sodium; Source; Stroke; System; Techniques; Time; Tissues; Traumatic Brain Injury; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; brain abnormalities; brain electrical activity; brain tissue; childhood epilepsy; clinically significant; cost effective; electrical property; improved; in vivo; mass spectrometer; mathematical model; nervous system disorder; neurosurgery; new technology; public health relevance; sodium ion; source localization; success; technology development; tool; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY This R21 grant proposal will develop a novel technology to explore changes in brain electrical properties. We will measure sodium concentrations noninvasively using sodium magnetic resonance imaging (S-MRI) and directly using a sodium-measuring devise. We will also measure diffusion tensor, DT-MRI. These studies will prepare this novel technology for translational human studies for localization of epileptogenic sources of activity. This advancement will increase the number epilepsy patients that can benefit from epilepsy surgery. Our long-term goal is to devise a system where MRI and electroencephalogram (EEG) data input is converted into a conductivity and localization map overlaid on anatomical MRI for presurgical planning. Successful development of this technology will provide cost-effective and noninvasive presurgical evaluation for a much larger population of epilepsy surgery candidates, and for other brain diseases. We will measure the electrical properties of the human brain immediately after they are surgically removed from epilepsy patients to treat their seizure disorders. We will then measure the sodium content of these tissues with S-MRI first, and compare that with directly-measured sodium content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) which is a very sensitive and accurate device used as gold standard to measure elemental contents such as sodium. We will show that noninvasive S-MRI is equally accurate in measuring sodium content of the brain as the gold standard. We will then use these data along with DT-MRI and a mathematical model to calculate the electrical conductivities of the brain. We will show that the data obtained from non-invasive S-MRI and DT-MRI along with the mathematical model can predict the electrical conductivity of the brain tissues as accurately as the direct invasive measurements. We will also study the ability of S-MRI or its combination with DT-MRI to localize epileptogenic brain tissues in an animal model of epilepsy. We will first prepare animals with epilepsy. We will then measure S-MRI and DT-MRI in these animals to locate the brain regions that show changes in these scans when compared to scans acquired before they developed epilepsy. We will then implant EEG electrodes in the animal’s brains to measure their brains’ electrical activities and locate the brain regions that cause epileptic seizures. We will show that the noninvasive MRI scans will locate the regions of seizure activity as well as invasive intracranial EEG measurements. The successful completion of this proposed research has tremendous clinical significance given the limitations of EEG source models and current methodologies to localize epileptogenic areas for surgical treatment.

项目概要 这项 R21 拨款提案将开发一种新技术来探索脑电特性的变化。我们将 使用钠磁共振成像 (S-MRI) 无创测量钠浓度，并直接使用 钠测量装置。我们还将测量扩散张量 DT-MRI。这些研究将为这本小说做准备 用于定位致癫痫活动源的转化人类研究技术。这一进步将 增加可以从癫痫手术中受益的癫痫患者的数量。我们的长期目标是设计一个系统 其中 MRI 和脑电图 (EEG) 数据输入被转换为覆盖在其上的电导率和定位图 用于术前计划的解剖 MRI。该技术的成功开发将提供具有成本效益和 对更多的癫痫手术候选人以及其他脑部进行无创术前评估 疾病。 我们将在人脑被手术切除后立即测量其电特性 癫痫患者治疗他们的癫痫疾病。然后我们将使用 S-MRI 测量这些组织的钠含量 首先，与使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪直接测量的钠含量进行比较 (ICP-MS) 是一种非常灵敏且准确的设备，用作测量元素含量的金标准，例如 钠。我们将证明，无创 S-MRI 在测量大脑钠含量方面与金测量同样准确 标准。然后，我们将使用这些数据以及 DT-MRI 和数学模型来计算电学 大脑的电导率。我们将展示从非侵入性 S-MRI 和 DT-MRI 获得的数据以及 数学模型可以像直接侵入性预测一样准确地预测脑组织的电导率 测量。 我们还将研究 S-MRI 或其与 DT-MRI 组合定位动物致癫痫脑组织的能力 癫痫模型。我们首先准备患有癫痫的动物。然后我们将测量这些动物的 S-MRI 和 DT-MRI 与发育前获得的扫描相比，定位这些扫描中显示变化的大脑区域 癫痫。然后我们将在动物的大脑中植入脑电图电极来测量它们的大脑电活动并 找到引起癫痫发作的大脑区域。我们将证明无创 MRI 扫描将定位 癫痫活动区域以及侵入性颅内脑电图测量。 鉴于脑电图的局限性，这项研究的成功完成具有巨大的临床意义 源模型和当前的方法来定位致癫痫区域以进行手术治疗。