The Role of FcRn in Echovirus Entry and Pathogenesis

项目总结/摘要： 本申请的首要目标是确定新生儿Fc受体（FcRn）在埃可病毒中的作用。 发病机制。我们最近发现FcRn是一种泛回声病毒受体。我们发现基因编辑 FcRn的表达降低了细胞对埃可病毒的感染，而异位表达促进了感染 在非许可细胞中。我们还发现，FcRn直接结合到埃可病毒颗粒和增强病毒颗粒， 附着在细胞上。与这些发现一致，重组FcRn蛋白或FcRn单克隆抗体 在多种细胞类型中阻断埃可病毒感染。最后，FcRn的人类同源物的表达使得 新生小鼠允许E11通过肠内途径感染，并显示人的表达，但 而不是小鼠，FcRn的同源物恢复了非允许细胞类型中的埃可病毒感染。然而，精确 FcRn在埃可病毒进入中的作用以及FcRn对埃可病毒发病机制的影响的全面分析， 探讨了本申请中提出的研究将为以下方面提供重要见解：（1）FcRn在以下方面的作用： （2）FcRn在肠道上皮细胞类型特异性中的作用， （3）FcRn在埃可病毒致病机制中的作用。我们的提案先驱 研究埃可病毒感染的分子机制的各个方面。重要的是我们的 开发肠上皮的原代人和小鼠干细胞衍生模型，体外原代 基于细胞的肝脏模型和埃可病毒发病机制的新型体内模型是高度创新的技术。 这些进展将使我们能够直接评估埃可病毒进入的许多方面的机制基础 和发病机理的研究。鉴于我们在肠道病毒研究方面的广泛专业知识， 是进行这些研究的独特定位，这将为我们理解 埃可病毒感染

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: The overarching goal of this application is to identify the role of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) in echovirus entry and pathogenesis. We recently identified FcRn as a pan-echovirus receptor. We showed that gene editing of FcRn resulted in reduced echovirus infection of cells, and reciprocally, ectopic expression promoted infection in non-permissive cells. We also found that FcRn bound directly to echoviral particles and enhanced virus attachment to cells. Consistent with these findings, recombinant FcRn protein or monoclonal antibodies to FcRn blocked echovirus infection in multiple cell types. Finally, expression of the human homologue of FcRn rendered neonatal mice permissive to E11 infection by the enteral route and showed that expression of the human, but not mouse, homologue of FcRn restored echovirus infection in non-permissive cell types. However, the precise role of FcRn in echovirus entry and a full analysis of the impact of FcRn on echovirus pathogenesis was not explored. The studies proposed in this application will provide important insights into (1) the role of FcRn in echovirus entry and trafficking in the intestinal epithelium, (2) the role of FcRn in the cell-type specific nature of echovirus infections in the liver, and (3) the role of FcRn in echovirus pathogenesis. Our proposal pioneers research into a variety of aspects of the molecular mechanisms of echovirus infections. Importantly, our development of primary human and mouse stem cell-derived models of the intestinal epithelium, in vitro primary cell-based liver models, and novel in vivo models of echovirus pathogenesis are highly innovative technical advances that will allow us to directly assess the mechanistic basis for a number of aspects of echovirus entry and pathogenesis in physiologically-relevant models. Given our extensive expertise in enterovirus research, we are uniquely positioned to perform these studies, which will provide new paradigms for our understanding of echovirus infections.