Endosome regulated photoreceptor protein trafficking
Endosome regulated photoreceptor protein trafficking
批准号:
9915929
负责人:
CHING-HWA SUNG
金额:
$42.38万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-08-01 至 2022-04-30
关键词:
3-DimensionalAddressAdultAffectAgeAnimal ModelBindingBiogenesisBiological AssayBlindnessCell DeathCellsCellular StressComplexConfocal MicroscopyCritical PathwaysDefectDestinationsDevelopmentDiseaseDisease modelEarly EndosomeElectron MicroscopyEndoplasmic ReticulumEndosomesEtiologyExcisionGene DeletionGenesGeneticGenetic HeterogeneityGoalsGolgi ApparatusHomeostasisHumanIndividualInvestigationKnowledgeLeadLightLiteratureMADHIP geneMass Spectrum AnalysisMembraneMethodsModelingMolecularMorphogenesisMusMutationNeuronsNight BlindnessOrganellesPathologicPathologyPathway interactionsPatientsPeripheralPhenotypePhotoreceptorsPhysiologicalPlayPresynaptic TerminalsProcessProteinsProteomicsResearchResolutionResourcesRetinaRetinal DegenerationRetinal DystrophyRetinitis PigmentosaRhodopsinRodRoleRouteScanning Electron MicroscopySignal TransductionSiteSmad ProteinsSorting - Cell MovementStructureSystemTechniquesTestingTimeTracerTransgenesVisionbasecell typeeffective therapyextracellularflyimprovedin vivoinducible gene expressioninnovationinsightlegally blindmouse modelmutantneuropathologynovelnovel therapeuticsprotein complexprotein transportproteostasisresponseretinal rodssuccesssynaptic functiontherapy designtraffickinguptakevector
中文摘要
项目摘要
色素性视网膜炎 (RP) 会导致所有年龄段的人出现不可逆的失明。 它影响了约三千五百人中的一人
全世界。 虽然 RP 最初的特点是夜盲症和周边视力丧失,但大多数 RP 患者
失去中心视力,并在 40 岁时成为法定盲人。没有任何治疗方法可以减缓或停止
视力丧失。 视杆细胞中吸光蛋白视紫红质的错误定位是一个常见的标志
通过许多 RP 动物模型。 该应用程序的长期目标是剖析分子途径
这是视紫红质的分类和传递的基础,并确定其与疾病的相关性。 此信息
将加速发现 RP 和其他视网膜退行性疾病的新疗法。 在
哺乳动物视杆细胞高度分隔,视紫红质是在生物合成中合成的
细胞器局限于内节。 然后视紫红质被矢量递送至并集中在
外部段 (OS)。 虽然视紫红质通过内质网-高尔基体途径运输
经过研究,内体在视紫红质操作系统靶向中的重要性尚不清楚。 在许多其他细胞中
类型中,内体在多个细胞内的十字路口充当蛋白质的关键分选站
贩运途径。 果蝇视紫红质的内体长时间积累已被证明会导致光-
依赖性视网膜变性。 我们的初步结果表明,新合成的视紫红质
在体内通过小鼠杆内的内体隔室。 操作系统定位信号
视紫红质与早期内体特异性蛋白 SARA 结合。 SARA 缺陷不仅在于鼠标杆
会导致视紫红质错误定位,还会导致内溶酶体系统中的其他几种细胞缺陷。 在此
应用程序中,我们将严格检验中心假设,即在哺乳动物视杆细胞中,跨内体途径
调节操作系统视紫红质靶向的保真度和效率。 首先,我们将解决是否
RP 突变体视紫红质在转运至 OS 的过程中异常保留在内体中,并且是否
这种缺陷会扰乱其他内膜的稳态(目标 1)。 我们将生成多个,
互补的小鼠模型来检查跨内体途径在形态发生中的作用
操作系统及其视紫红质表达(目标2)。 我们还将分析通过细胞转运的杆蛋白
内体系统并表征它们与关键内体运输调节剂的相互作用(目标3)。 我们
将通过应用最先进的技术(例如杆特异性诱导基因)来实现这些目标
表达和基因缺失、超分辨率共焦显微镜、相关光电子显微镜、
和 3D 扫描电子显微镜。 通过提供对光感受器蛋白质运输的机制见解
和 OS 生物发生,这项研究将有助于开发 RP 和相关的新疗法
疾病。
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) causes irreversible blindness in individuals of all ages. It affects ~1 in 3,500 people
worldwide. While RP is initially characterized by night blindness and peripheral vision loss, most RP patients
lose their central vision and become legally blind by the age of 40. There is no treatment to slow or stop
vision loss. Mislocalization of the light-absorbing protein rhodopsin in the rods is a common hallmark shared
by many animal models of RP. The long-term objective of this application is to dissect the molecular pathway
that underlies the sorting and delivery of the rhodopsin and determine its disease relevance. This information
will accelerate the discovery of new treatments for RP and other retinal degenerative diseases. In the
mammalian rods, which are highly compartmentalized, rhodopsin is synthesized in the biosynthetic
organelles confined to the inner segment. Rhodopsin is then vectorially delivered to and concentrated in the
outer segment (OS). While rhodopsin’s trafficking through the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi pathway has
been investigated, the importance of the endosome in rhodopsin’s OS targeting is unclear. In many other cell
types, the endosome s erves as a key sorting station for proteins at the crossroads of multiple intracellular
trafficking pathways. Prolonged endosomal accumulation of fly rhodopsin has been shown to lead to light-
dependent retinal degeneration. Our preliminary results showed that the newly-synthesized rhodopsin
transits through the endosomal compartments in mouse rods in vivo. The OS targeting signal of the
rhodopsin binds to an early endosome-specific protein, SARA. SARA deficiency in mouse rods not only
causes rhodopsin mislocalization but also several other cellular defects in the endolysosomal system. In this
application, we will test the central hypothesis that in mammalian rods the trans-endosomal pathway critically
regulates the fidelity and the efficiency of the OS targeting of rhodopsin. First, we will address whether the
RP mutant rhodopsins are retained in the endosomes abnormally during their transit to the OS, and whether
this defect perturbs the homeostasis of other endomembranes (Aim1). We will generate multiple,
complementary mouse models to examine the role of the trans-endosomal pathway in the morphogenesis of
the OS and its rhodopsin expression (Aim2). We will also profile the rod proteins that transit through the
endosomal system and characterize their interaction with key endosomal trafficking regulators (Aim3). We
will achieve these aims by applying state-of-the-art techniques such as rod-specific inducible gene
expression and gene deletion, super-resolution confocal microscopy, correlative light-electron microscopy,
and 3D scanning electron microscopy. By providing mechanistic insights on photoreceptor protein trafficking
and OS biogenesis, this research will contribute to the development of new therapies for RP and related
diseases.
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