The role of NOD2/RIPK2 signaling in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
The role of NOD2/RIPK2 signaling in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
批准号:
9920790
负责人:
Hanseok Ko
金额:
$35.82万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-07-15 至 2023-04-30
关键词:
AblationAffectAnimalsAstrocytesAutomobile DrivingAutopsyBehavioralBindingBiochemicalBrainChronicComplement 1qComplexCorpus striatum structureDataDevelopmentEventFamilyGefitinibGeneticHumanImmune responseImpairmentIn VitroInflammationInflammation MediatorsInflammatoryInflammatory ResponseInjectionsInterleukin-1 alphaKnockout MiceKnowledgeLeadLigandsMAP Kinase GeneMediatingMessenger RNAMicrogliaModelingMolecularMolecular TargetNF-kappa BNerve DegenerationNeuraxisNeurodegenerative DisordersNeurophysiology - biologic functionNucleotidesParkinson DiseasePathogenesisPathologicPathologyPatientsPatternPattern recognition receptorPharmacologyPhosphorylationPhosphotransferasesPlayProcessProteinsPublic HealthReceptor InhibitionReceptor-Interacting Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase 2ReportingRoleSeriesSerineSignal PathwaySignal TransductionSubstantia nigra structureTNF geneTestingTherapeutic EffectUbiquitinationalpha synucleinbasebrain tissuechemokinecytokinedopaminergic neuronhuman embryonic stem cellimprovedin vivoinhibitor/antagonistinsightmouse modelneurobehavioralneurochemistryneuroinflammationneuron lossneurotoxicitynovelnovel therapeutic interventionnovel therapeuticspathogenreceptorresponsescreeningsynucleinopathytherapeutic evaluationtranscriptome sequencingtreatment strategy
中文摘要
项目摘要
越来越多的证据表明,中枢神经系统(CNS)炎症是一个主要的病理生理
帕金森病(PD)的发病机制炎症的特征是小胶质细胞数量增加
以及促炎细胞因子和趋化因子的水平。 促炎细胞因子,
当小胶质细胞被激活时释放,可以加剧α-突触核蛋白(α-突触素)聚集和神经元死亡
最终导致PD的慢性进展。垂死或死亡的多巴胺能神经元释放α-突触素聚集体
可以被小胶质细胞吸收,从而导致小胶质细胞活化。这反过来又加速了
神经退行性过程的进展。因此,在小胶质细胞中鉴定分子靶点,
通过调节其表达来抑制炎症反应,可能为PD的治疗提供新的策略。然而,在这方面,
目前对小胶质细胞介导的神经炎症的细胞机制还缺乏认识,
用α-β-syn聚集体刺激后的事件。 为了全面了解细胞
为了研究α-β-syn聚集体诱导小胶质细胞活化的机制,我们使用α-β-syn聚集体进行了RNAseq分析。
预形成的纤维(α-β-syn PFF)激活小胶质细胞。从筛选中,我们鉴定了NOD 2/RIPK 2复合物作为一种蛋白质。
α-突触素聚集体引起神经炎症反应的关键调节剂。在我们的初步研究中,我们发现,
α-突触素聚集体激活小胶质细胞中NOD 2/RIPK 2介导的炎症反应以加重神经元损伤
死亡通过一系列信号事件,其中包括M1小胶质细胞活化和毒性A1型星形胶质细胞
通过分泌IL-11 α、TNFα和C1 q进行转化。另一方面,我们发现NOD 2/RIPK 2的缺失
复合物通过阻断小胶质细胞介导的A1星形胶质细胞转化保护神经元死亡。
为了进一步证实和扩展我们新的初步发现,我们将系统地研究以下具体问题。
目的:(i)确定NOD 2、RIPK 2 mRNA和蛋白的水平以及RIPK 2的磷酸化水平
在小胶质细胞中,在α-β-突触素诱导的变性和PD死后脑的小鼠模型中,ii)表征
小胶质细胞中NOD 2和α-β-syn聚集体之间的相互作用,并定义α-β-syn PFF与NOD 2的结合如何影响
NOD 2/RIPK 2依赖性信号通路,包括RIPK 2活化/泛素化和MAPK和NF-κ B
iii)确定小胶质细胞活化中NOD 2/RIPK 2信号传导的耗竭效应,
体外和体内由于α-β-突触素聚集体引起的星形胶质细胞形成,以及(iv)确定阻断的影响
通过基因切除NOD 2和RIPK 2,在α-β-syn PFF诱导的PD模型中观察NOD 2/RIPK 2信号传导,
RIPK 2的药理学抑制。细胞、神经化学、神经病理学和行为学方法
将使用体外和体内的方法来实现这些特定目的。 总的来说,理解
NOD 2/RIPK 2依赖性信号在α-β-syn聚集体中的作用-β-syn诱导的小胶质细胞活化,A1星形胶质细胞转化
和DA神经元死亡不仅将为神经退行性疾病的进展提供新的机制见解,
PD的过程,但也最终导致PD的新的治疗策略的发展。
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
Growing evidence suggest that central nervous system (CNS) inflammation is a major pathophysiological
process in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The inflammation is characterized by an increase in the number of microglia
and in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The proinflammatory cytokines, which are
released when microglia are activated, could exacerbate α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation and neuronal death
ultimately driving the chronic progression of PD. Dying or dead dopaminergic neurons released α-syn aggregates
can be taken up into the microglia, which leads to microglia activation. This in turn contributes to the accelerated
progression of neurodegenerative processes. Therefore, identification of molecular targets in microglia that can
be modulated to inhibit their inflammatory response may provide new strategy for the treatment of PD. However,
there is a lack of knowledge about the cellular mechanisms underlying microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory
events following stimulation with α-syn aggregates. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the cellular
mechanisms of α-syn aggregates induced microglial activation, we conducted RNAseq analysis using α-syn
preformed fibrils (α-syn PFF) activated microglia. From the screening, we identified NOD2/RIPK2 complex as a
key modulator in neuroinflammatory responses due to α-syn aggregate. In our preliminary studies, we found that
α-syn aggregates activate NOD2/RIPK2 mediated inflammatory responses in microglia to exacerbates neuronal
death through a series of signaling events, which included M1 microglial activation and toxic A1 type astrocytes
conversion by secreting IL-1α, TNFα and C1q. On the other hand, we found that the depletion of NOD2/RIPK2
complex protects neuronal death via blocking microglia-mediated A1 astrocyte conversion in vitro and in vivo.
To further confirm and expand our novel preliminary findings, we will systematically pursue the following specific
aims: (i) to define the levels of NOD2, RIPK2 mRNAs and proteins and the levels of phosphorylation of RIPK2
in microglia in mouse models of α-syn induced degeneration and PD postmortem brains, ii) to characterize the
interaction between NOD2 and α-syn aggregates in microglia and define how α-syn PFF binding to NOD2 affects
NOD2/RIPK2 dependent signaling pathways including RIPK2 activation/ubiquitination and MAPKs and NF-kB
activation in microglia, iii) determine the depletion effect of NOD2/RIPK2 signaling in microglia-induced A1
astrocytes formation due to α-syn aggregates both in vitro and in vivo, and (iv) to determine the effects of blocking
of NOD2/RIPK2 signaling in α-syn PFF induced model of PD through genetic ablation of NOD2 and RIPK2 and
pharmacological inhibition of RIPK2. Cellular, neurochemical, neuropathological and behavioral approaches in
vitro and in vivo will be used to achieve these specific aims. Taken together, understanding the role of
NOD2/RIPK2 dependent signaling in α-syn aggregates-induced microglial activation, A1 astrocyte conversion
and DA neuronal death will not only provide novel mechanistic insights into the progression of neurodegenerative
processes in PD, but also ultimately lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for PD.
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海外基金