G Protein Regulation of Golgi Structure and Function

G 蛋白对高尔基体结构和功能的调节

• 批准号: 9926920
• 负责人: PHILIP B WEDEGAERTNER
• 金额: $ 31.2万
• 依托单位: THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-07 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9926920
• 关键词: Address; Binding Proteins; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Biosensor; Blindness; Cardiovascular Physiology; Cell Cycle Checkpoint; Cell Differentiation process; Cell membrane; Cell physiology; Cells; Couples; Cultured Cells; Disease; Disease Pathway; Endocrine System Diseases; Fluorescence Microscopy; G-Protein Signaling Pathway; G-Protein-Coupled Receptors; GTP-Binding Proteins; Generations; Golgi Apparatus; Heart Diseases; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; Hypertension; Immune; Immunofluorescence Microscopy; Infection; Knowledge; Link; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Membrane; Microtubules; Mitosis; Mitotic; Molecular; Morphology; Mutation Analysis; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurotransmitters; Nocodazole; Organelles; Pathway interactions; Pharmacology; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Plasma Cells; Play; Process; Proteins; Regulation; Research; Research Proposals; Role; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Signaling Protein; Site; Small Interfering RNA; Smell Perception; Structure; Superoxide Dismutase; Surface; Taste Perception; Testing; Textbooks; Vision; Work; cell motility; experimental study; extracellular; inhibitor/antagonist; live cell microscopy; mutant; nervous system disorder; neuron development; novel; protein function; protein protein interaction; recruit; response; stathmin; therapeutic target; trafficking; vesicle transport

Abstract Heterotrimeric G proteins () are well known for their function in linking G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to a variety of intracellular responses, and thereby playing essential roles in transmitting a wide variety of extracellular signals into regulation of countless physiological processes. In the textbook view, G proteins carry out their function while associated with the cytoplasmic surface of a cell’s plasma membrane. In contrast to the classical view of plasma membrane-limited G protein signaling, it is becoming increasingly recognized that G protein localization is dynamic and regulated, such that they can reversibly traffic from the plasma membrane to intracellular locations, and that G proteins can have important cellular functions at intracellular sites. The research in this proposal focuses on understanding non-canonical functions of G subunits, and specifically roles for G in regulating signaling at the Golgi. Our previous work revealed an important role for Golgi-localized G in regulating a signaling pathway on the cytoplasmic surface of Golgi membranes that controls the Golgi exit of select protein cargo destined for the plasma membrane. The research in this current proposal will examine the hypothesis that G regulates signaling pathways that control Golgi integrity by regulating the fragmentation of the Golgi under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Reversible Golgi fragmentation is a cellular phenomenon that occurs under normal conditions, such as during mitosis, and that occurs in disease states, such as infection, cancer and neurodegenerative disease. This application will focus on defining a novel role for G in regulating the mitotic Golgi fragmentation checkpoint and by interrogating a novel role for G in regulating microtubule- dependent Golgi fragmentation. In addition, this application will define upstream mechanisms that directly promote signaling by G at the Golgi. These objectives will be pursued by a variety of experimental approaches, including cultured cells, immunofluorescence microscopy, fluorescence microscopy of live cells, biosensors, pharmacological inhibitors, mutational analysis, and biochemical assays.

摘要 异三聚体G蛋白()具有连接G蛋白偶联受体的功能 (GPCRs)对各种细胞内的反应，从而在传递广泛的 各种细胞外信号转化为调节无数的生理过程。在教科书中，G 蛋白质在与细胞质膜的细胞质表面相联系时发挥其功能。 与质膜受限的G蛋白信号的经典观点不同，它正变得越来越多 认识到G蛋白定位是动态的和受调节的，因此它们可以可逆地从 质膜到细胞内的位置，以及G蛋白在 细胞内的位置。该方案中的研究侧重于理解G的非正则功能 亚基，特别是G在高尔基体信号调节中的作用。我们之前的工作揭示了一个 高尔基体定位的G-在高尔基体细胞质表面信号通路调控中的重要作用 控制发往质膜的精选蛋白质货物高尔基出口的膜。这个 目前这项提案中的研究将检验G调节信号通路的假设 通过调节生理和生理状态下高尔基体的碎裂来控制高尔基体的完整性 病理生理条件。可逆高尔基碎裂是一种细胞现象，在 正常状态，如在有丝分裂期间，以及在疾病状态下发生，如感染、癌症和 神经退行性疾病。本申请将重点定义G在监管 有丝分裂高尔基体碎裂检查点，并通过询问G在微管调节中的新角色- 依赖型高尔基体碎裂。此外，该应用程序还将定义直接 在高尔基推广G的信号。这些目标将通过各种试验性的 方法包括培养细胞、免疫荧光显微镜、活体荧光显微镜 细胞、生物传感器、药理抑制剂、突变分析和生化分析。