Powerful Solid-State Sources to Enable Advanced EPR and DNP-NMR Measurements

强大的固态源支持先进的EPR和DNP-核磁共振测量 NIH SBIR第二阶段提案 VDI项目摘要/摘要： DNP-核磁共振和EPR是NIGMS部门感兴趣的重要科学工具 细胞生物学和生物物理学。它们都依靠高频微波源来增加 被测样品中电子的极化。过去，DNP-核磁共振和核磁共振的进展 EPR由于难以在所需的条件下产生足够的功率水平而受到阻碍 频率，现在扩展到远远超过100 GHz。典型的系统依赖于回旋管 能产生几十瓦功率的振荡器。然而，这些系统对于 购买和安装，甚至操作和维护成本都可能令人望而却步。钥匙 该项目的重点是将固态(SS)源技术推进到它可以达到的程度 开始取代回旋管以取代相当大比例的DNP-核磁共振和脉冲EPR 测量，从而降低了进入该领域的门槛，并加快了 科学发现。固态信号源还将支持先进的调制方案， 极大地提高了EPR系统的性能，并可能对 DNP-核磁共振。第一阶段的研究达到了提案的所有目标，包括演示 一个更强大的263 GHz信号源，它被证明可以实现显著的DNP信号 增强功能。第二阶段的工作将以三种方式在这一成功的基础上再接再厉； 263 GHz信号源将进一步增加，以便于更大范围的测量，(Ii) 该技术将扩展到对EPR和DNP重要的其他频率， 具体地说，395和527 GHz，(Ii)新的信号源也将具有快速脉冲能力 作为频率和相位调制，以及(Iv)将开发263 GHz信号源，以确保 不是毫米波技术专家的研究人员更容易操作；因此 加快这项重要技术的第三阶段商业化进程。

Powerful Solid-State Sources to Enable Advanced EPR and DNP-NMR Measurements NIH SBIR Phase II Proposal VDI Project Summary/Abstract: DNP-NMR and EPR are important scientific tools that are of interest to the NIGMS Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics. They both rely on a high frequency microwave source to increase the polarization of electrons in the samples under test. In the past, progress in DNP-NMR and EPR has been hindered by the difficulty of generating sufficient power levels at the desired frequencies, which now extend well above 100 GHz. Typical systems rely on a Gyrotron oscillator that generates tens of watts of power. However, these systems are expensive to purchase and install, and even the operating and maintenance costs can be prohibitive. The key focus of this project is to advance solid-state (SS) source technology to the point where it can begin to replace the Gyrotrons for a significant proportion of DNP-NMR and pulsed-EPR measurements, thereby lowering the barriers to entry into this field and accelerating the pace of scientific discovery. The solid-state sources will also enable advanced modulation schemes that greatly improve the performance of EPR systems, and can potentially have a similar impact on DNP-NMR. The Phase I research achieved all of the proposal goals, including the demonstration of a more powerful 263 GHz source that was demonstrated to achieve significant DNP signal enhancement. The Phase II effort will build on this success in three ways; (i) the power level of the 263 GHz source will be further increased to facilitate a greater range of measurements, (ii) the technology will be extended to other frequencies of importance for EPR and DNP, specifically 395 and 527 GHz, (ii) the new sources will incorporate fast pulse capability as well as frequency and phase modulation, and (iv) the 263 GHz source will be developed to ensure easier operation by researchers who are not experts in millimeter wave technology; thereby accelerating the path to Phase III commercialization of this important technology.