Center for Prevention Implementation Methodology for Drug Abuse and HIV (Ce-PIM)

项目摘要/摘要 这项申请是为了竞争性地更新预防实施方法中心 针对艾滋病毒和药物滥用，NIDA P30卓越中心。美国新增艾滋病毒病例数量 保持稳定在每年56,000人，并继续不成比例地影响一些群体，包括年轻人 与男性发生性关系的男性(YMSM)，特别是来自种族/少数民族的男性。这样做的目的是 方法学中心是开发新的方法学，可供联邦和地方机构使用，并 社区以减少艾滋病毒的发病率。生物医学干预和战略，包括暴露前 预防(PrEP)、艾滋病毒快速检测以及对艾滋病毒感染者的早期和持续治疗 阳性(治疗为预防，TasP)已被证明对 减少艾滋病毒传播，但在研究知识和服务之间仍然存在巨大差距 需要减少人口层面的艾滋病毒发病率。此应用程序的主要前提是 减少艾滋病毒发病率和差距的有效生物医学已经掌握在手中，但只有在 在以满足个人、社区和医疗保健提供的方式实施时实现 系统需求。该方法提案通过以下方式解决了研究和实践之间的主要差距 实施科学和方法论，专注于以创新的方式解决复杂、 有效实施艾滋病毒预防方案需要多层次的互动。两个核心，一个 将开展艾滋病毒和药物滥用管理核心和创新实施方法核心 这项工作。 目标1是开发创新方法，以最大限度地发挥执行研究的影响 艾滋病毒预防。我们通过一套扩展的系统科学和工程方法来做到这一点 重点改进执行情况的衡量、执行战略的建模和 通过严格的试验测试执行战略。五项符合条件的赠款支持这项工作。 目标2是应用这些创新方法来缩小现有研究、政策和 艾滋病毒预防实践。除了与我们的五个合格助学金密切合作外，我们还在当地与 市政公共卫生部门和联邦药物滥用和精神健康 服务管理局(SAMHSA)艾滋病毒方案，以确定知识差距并确定优先顺序， 找到减少艾滋病毒传播的最佳实施战略，并设计下一个大型 实施试验。 目标3是在艾滋病毒的交叉点传播方法和培训/指导领导人 预防、实施科学和药物滥用领域，以改进艾滋病毒预防的实施 程序。这包括指导早期职业研究人员、出版和向网络提供培训 艾滋病毒和药物滥用研究人员。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This application is for a competing renewal of the Center for Prevention Implementation Methodology for HIV and Drug Abuse, a NIDA P30 Center of Excellence. The number of new HIV cases in the US remains stable at 56,000 per year and continues to disproportionately affect some groups, including young men who have sex with men (YMSM), especially from racial/ethnic minorities. The purpose of this methodology center is to develop new methodologies that can be used by federal and local agencies and communities to reduce HIV incidence. Biomedical interventions and strategies, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), rapid testing for HIV and early and consistent treatment for persons who are HIV positive (Treatment as Prevention, TasP) have been shown to have high efficacy and effectiveness in reducing HIV transmission, but there remains a giant gap between what research knows and what services needed to reduce population level incidence of HIV. The major premise of this application is that the effective biomedical to reduce HIV incidence and disparities are in hand, but success will only be achieved when they are implemented in ways that meet individual, community, and health care delivery system needs. This methods proposal addresses this major gap between research and practice through implementation science and methodology, focusing on innovative ways to address the complex, mulitilevel interactions needed to implement HIV prevention programs effectively. Two Cores, an Administrative Core and an Innovative Implementation Methods Core for HIV and Drug Abuse will carry out this work. Aim 1 is to develop innovative methods to maximize the impact of implementation research in HIV prevention. We do this through an extended set of systems science and engineering methods that focus on improving the measurement of implementation, the modeling of implementation strategies, and the testing of implementation strategies through rigorous trials. Five qualifying grants support this work. Aim 2 is to apply these innovative methods to close the gap between existing research, policy, and practice for HIV prevention. In addition to working closely with our five qualifying grants, we work locally with municipal Departments of Public Health and the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) HIV programs to identify and prioritize gaps in knowledge, find optimal implementation strategies for reduction of HIV transmission, and design the next large implementation trials. Aim 3 is to disseminate methods and train/mentor leaders at the intersection of HIV prevention, implementation science, and drug abuse fields to improve implementation of HIV prevention programs. This involves mentoring the early career researchers, publishing, and providing training to networks of HIV and drug abuse researchers.