Interhemispheric interactions underlying bilateral somatosensation

双侧躯体感觉的半球间相互作用

• 批准号: 9979039
• 负责人: Garrett B. Stanley
• 金额: $ 19.73万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9979039
• 关键词: Affect; Anesthesia procedures; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Axon; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain; Cerebral hemisphere; Cerebrum; Code; Collection; Communication; Complex; Corpus Callosum; Deformity; Dependence; Detection; Discrimination; Environment; Face; Future; In Vitro; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Lateral; Left; Link; Location; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Movement; Mus; Nature; Neocortex; Neurons; Outcome; Perception; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preparation; Property; Right cerebral hemisphere; Rodent; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Side; Signal Detection Analysis; Signal Transduction; Somatosensory Cortex; Space Perception; Specificity; Stimulus; System; Tactile; Task Performances; Time; Touch sensation; Training; Vibrissae; Work; autism spectrum disorder; cell type; cognitive process; design; experimental study; extracellular; motor behavior; neocortical; neuronal patterning; neuroprosthesis; novel; object perception; optogenetics; prevent; relating to nervous system; response; sensory feedback; sensory integration

Project Summary/Abstract The brain comprises two distinct hemispheres mainly connected to each other by the corpus callosum. Despite the proven role of callosal connections in sensorimotor behaviors involving both sides of the body, the nature, area and cell-type specificity, and the function of interhemispheric interactions in sensory perception are far from understood. The proposed project will investigate those issues in the context of active bilateral vibrissa-mediated somatosensation in the mouse, focusing on primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices and their associated callosal projections. The work will combine laminar extracellular recordings in S1 and S2, optogenetic identification of callosal neurons, and chemogenetic modulation of callosal inputs with decoding and signal detection analytic approaches to relate neuronal activity to stimulus encoding and perception while the mouse actively whisks to contact static poles located on each side of the face. The first aim of the work is to investigate the existence and nature of bilateral tactile signal interactions in S1 and S2 and their relation to sensory-evoked callosal activity, as well as to establish whether bilateral features of tactile stimuli can be decoded from S1 and S2 activity. The second aim of the work is to reveal the contribution of homologous callosal neurons of S1 and S2 to the discrimination of bilateral tactile stimuli, and to determine whether S1 and S2 activity encodes behaviorally relevant bilateral stimulus properties predictive of stimulus perception. Significance: The proposed work will provide unprecedented information about the functional role of specific populations of neurons constituting the corpus callosum. It will allow to reconcile investigations about the locus and the nature of interhemispheric interactions conducted in reduced preparations with studies indirectly probing their behavioral relevance. Furthermore, this work will provide a more complete understanding of somatosensation, identifying area and cell types critical for bilateral tactile perception. It will also establish a novel sensory coding framework, encompassing tactile signals arising from both sides of the body. Broad Impact: This project lays the groundwork for future investigations on the role of interhemispheric interactions in the coordination of motor behaviors and in cognitive processes implicating the left and right cerebral hemispheres. Additionally, it will enable targeted functional investigations at the cellular and network level of several mental disorders characterized by abnormal anatomical and functional interhemispheric connectivity, such as ADHD, autism and schizophrenia. Separately, knowledge about cerebral cross-areal communication and its detailed computations will also be beneficial to neuroengineering applications, particularly those regarding movement coordination and natural integration of sensory feedback for bilateral neuroprostheses.

项目总结/摘要 大脑由两个不同的半球组成，主要通过胼胝体相互连接。尽管 胼胝体连接在涉及身体两侧的感觉运动行为中的已证实的作用，性质， 区域和细胞类型的特异性，以及感觉知觉中大脑半球间相互作用的功能， 明白拟议的项目将在积极的双边触须介导的背景下调查这些问题。 小鼠的躯体感觉，集中在初级（S1）和次级（S2）躯体感觉皮层及其 相关胼胝体投射这项工作将结合联合收割机在S1和S2层细胞外记录，光遗传学 胼胝体神经元的鉴定，以及通过解码和信号传导对胼胝体输入的化学发生调节 检测分析方法将神经元活动与刺激编码和感知联系起来， 主动地搅动以接触位于面部的每一侧上的静态杆。这项工作的第一个目的是调查 双侧触觉信号在S1和S2的相互作用的存在和性质及其与感觉诱发的关系 胼胝体活动，以及建立触觉刺激的双侧特征是否可以从S1解码， S2活动本工作的第二个目的是揭示S1和S2的同源胼胝体神经元的作用。 S2对双侧触觉刺激的辨别，并确定S1和S2活动是否编码 行为相关的双边刺激属性预测刺激感知。意义：建议 这项工作将提供有关特定神经元群体功能作用的前所未有的信息。 构成胼胝体。它将允许调和有关地点和性质的调查， 在简化的准备工作中进行的大脑半球间的相互作用， 本案无关此外，这项工作将提供一个更完整的了解躯体感觉，识别 区域和细胞类型对双侧触觉感知至关重要。它还将建立一个新的感觉编码框架， 包括从身体两侧产生的触觉信号。广泛影响：该项目奠定了基础 为将来研究大脑半球间的相互作用在运动行为协调中的作用， 影响左右大脑半球的认知过程此外，它将使目标 在细胞和网络水平的功能研究，几种精神障碍的特点是异常 解剖和功能的半球间连接，如多动症，自闭症和精神分裂症。另外， 关于大脑跨区域通信及其详细计算的知识也将有助于 神经工程应用，特别是那些关于运动协调和自然整合的应用， 用于双侧神经假体的感觉反馈。