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Reversing Hemianopia with Cross-Modal Training

通过跨模式训练扭转偏盲

基本信息

批准号：
9979918
负责人：
Benjamin A Rowland
金额：
$ 38.42万
依托单位：
WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9979918
关键词：
Anesthesia procedures Animal Model Animals Anterior Architecture Auditory Behavior Behavioral Brain Clinical Contralateral Cues Data Excision Felis catus Functional disorder Hemianopsia Human Intervention Ipsilateral Lead Learning Lesion Midbrain structure Modality Neurobiology Neurons Patients Physiological Play Procedures Property Psychological reinforcement Quality of life Rehabilitation therapy Role Seizures Sensory Source Stimulus Stroke System Techniques Testing Therapeutic Training Training Programs Training Technics Traumatic Brain Injury Use Effectiveness Vision Visual Visual Cortex Visual Fields Work association cortex blind deprivation design experience experimental study extrastriate visual cortex insight multisensory neural circuit recruit rehabilitation strategy relating to nervous system response superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina visual motor

项目摘要

Project Summary The midbrain superior colliculus (SC) typically requires influence from ipsilateral visual cortex to play its critical role in generating visuomotor responses to contralateral cues. Thus, visual cortex lesions eliminate both normal visual feature processing and the visual functions of the ipsilateral SC. The result is a contralateral hemianopia. Although insights from animal models suggest amelioration of this deficit is possible through a number of interventions, none of these offers viable therapeutic options for human patients. However, using an animal model, we have recently demonstrated that a non-invasive rehabilitative training paradigm (using auditory-visual cues) can permanently reinstate vision in animals rendered hemianopic by unilateral removal of all contiguous areas of visual cortex. Unfortunately, we are largely ignorant of the neural changes that induce this reinstatement of vision. Nevertheless, our preliminary data do suggest that cross-modal training produces a functional reorganization in a cortico-SC circuit that involves specific regions of association cortex (i.e., the anterior ectosylvian sulcus, AES). These adaptive changes render SC neurons once again capable of visual responses and of supporting visual behavior in the absence of ipsilateral visual cortex – presumably via compensatory inputs from AES. Our objective here is to use physiological and behavioral techniques to evaluate the physiological consequences of large visual cortex lesions on the neuronal properties in the AES and SC of hemianopic animals, and to determine how their properties are modified by cross-modal training so that vision is restored. Our overarching hypothesis is that cross-modal training, via Hebbian mechanisms, is able to amplify the normally subthreshold inputs to these regions from sources other than visual cortex. Understanding how the inherent plasticity of this circuit can be harnessed via non-surgical, behavioral training techniques to ameliorate hemineglect will help us understand the latent functional capabilities of this system, and provide invaluable insights to facilitate strategies for dealing with this debilitating condition in human patients.

项目总结