Probes for Luminescence-based Superresolution Microscopy
Probes for Luminescence-based Superresolution Microscopy
批准号:
9982629
负责人:
Nathan Christopher Shaner
金额:
$31.07万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-02-16 至 2021-01-31
关键词:
Active SitesAddressAffinityAgingAreaBindingBiologicalBioluminescenceBiomedical ResearchCatalytic DomainCellsChimeric ProteinsCommunitiesConsumptionCoupledDevelopmentDirected Molecular EvolutionDiseaseDissociationEnergy TransferEngineeringEnvironmentEnzymesFamilyFluorescenceFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferGenerationsGoalsImageIndividualKineticsLabelLeadLibrariesLightLightingLuciferasesMalignant NeoplasmsMechanicsMedicalMethodologyMicroscopyMolecular ConformationMonomeric GTP-Binding ProteinsNeurodegenerative DisordersOutputOxygenPhotonsPhototoxicityPhysiologicalPlantsPopulationProcessPropertyProteinsResearchSignal TransductionSpeedSpottingsStructureSubcellular structureTechniquesTechnologyTimeVariantWhole OrganismWorkbasebiological researchdesignenzyme activityexperimental studyimprovedlight emissionlight microscopylive cell imagingluciferinluminescencemicroscopic imagingnovelphotoactivationphyB phytochromepreventquantumrhoscreeningsingle moleculetoolvirtualvoltage
中文摘要
这项新提出的研究计划的主要目标是为活细胞产生一种基因编码的生物发光标记。
基于发光的光激活显微定位技术(L-Palm)。这是一种革命性的技术模式。
超分辨率成像技术将不会保留掌上电脑荧光成像(FPALM)的所有好处,但它不会消除这些问题。
需要光的激发。FPALM在很大程度上不适合用于活细胞的成像,因为它需要很高的光激发。
光的强度会导致光毒性。这是因为光的发光可以产生光,而不需要外部光。
令人兴奋的是,L-掌上电脑将不会完全受到这种限制的影响。这是最新一代基因编码的电脑。
生物发光标记非常适合用于亚细胞结构的广泛领域的显微镜观察,但它们仍然不是很好。
在实际的时间尺度上,大约1000倍的太暗的物质不能用于单分子生物的本地化研究。为了解决这个问题。
这一缺陷,也就是这项研究的目的,是为了更好地生产具有更高光子产量和更高生产率的生物发光探测器。
在一分钟内就有足够的能力将大约10万个分子局部化。要想在一分钟内产生更多的分子,就需要增加产量,而荧光素酶则是如此。
首先,我们将被连接到一起,以提供我们最亮的荧光蛋白,以通过Förster实现最大限度的发光和量子产率。
共振-能量传递-机制。在这第一步中,我们实现了曾经的最大产量效益,也就是最大的荧光素酶。
然后,核聚变计划的一部分将接受以结构为导向、定向和有针对性的演进,以降低核聚变。
木犀草素可以结合亲和力,从而提高酶的催化效率。这种变化是可以预测的。
为了进一步降低荧光素酶的发光和量子产率,但将能量转移到蛋白质表面形成一种新的荧光蛋白。
拯救生物发光,允许更快的酶可以通过这种新的战略被设计出来。它将成为一种有用的技术。
活体细胞L-Palm,这种生物发光传感器还必须能够控制地打开和关闭电源。
防止每一帧图像中的各个分子之间的信号重叠。建立两个独立的控制机制来解决问题
生产可切换的光能和输出功率将是这个项目的主要追求:(1)能源和能源之间转移的优化方案。
荧光素酶是一种可光开关的荧光蛋白,随后是一种定向的基因进化,以进一步增加光的产量。
并改善开关的动力学;;(2)将光调制的结构域插入到荧光素酶的分裂中,以便更容易。
变构控制酶的活性。在整个项目中,重点将放在以罗塞塔为基础的基础上。
用于生成新型荧光素酶-荧光蛋白融合拓扑结构的结构制导的计算模型设计。
改变荧光素酶的活性,包括环境、基因和基因工程,以及变构调控的荧光素酶。
届时,基于图像的电子筛查技术的演进将成为进一步改善电子探头性能的主要方法。
在每个项目的开发过程中,每个项目的最终产品都将是一套经过基因编码的产品。
生物发光探头具有良好的亮度和良好的光开关特性,适合中国L的未来发展战略--
掌上电脑的方法论。除了他们对L的终极技术实用工具-掌上电脑成像,还有许多电脑探测器在世界上创造了新的技术。
当然,这个项目将不会是迄今为止开发的最亮的标签和性能最高的生物发光标签。
这样的技术将在许多其他活细胞技术和全生物成像技术应用中发挥非常有用的作用。
英文摘要
The goal of the proposed research is to generate genetically encoded bioluminescent tags for live-cell
luminescence-based photoactivated localization microscopy (L-PALM). This revolutionary mode of
superresolution imaging will maintain all of the benefits of fluorescence PALM (fPALM) but will eliminate the
need for excitation light. fPALM is largely unsuitable for imaging live cells because it requires high excitation
intensities that lead to phototoxicity. Because luminescence generates light without the need for external
excitation, L-PALM will not suffer from this limitation. The latest generation of genetically encoded
bioluminescent labels are well suited for widefield microscopy of subcellular structures, but are still
approximately 1000-fold too dim to be used for single-molecule localization on practical time scales. To remedy
this deficiency, this study is designed to produce bioluminescent probes with photon output rates
sufficient to localize ~100,000 molecules in one minute. To generate this increased output, luciferases will
first be coupled to our brightest fluorescent proteins to maximize luminescence quantum yield via the Förster
resonance energy transfer mechanism. Once maximal output is achieved in this first step, the luciferase
portion of the fusion will then be subjected to structure-guided directed evolution targeted at lowering
oxyluciferin binding affinity and thus increasing the catalytic rate of the enzyme. Such alterations are predicted
to reduce the luminescence quantum yield of the luciferase, but energy transfer to a fluorescent protein will
rescue the luminescence, allowing much faster enzymes to be engineered with this strategy. To be useful for
live-cell L-PALM, bioluminescent probes must also be capable of switching on and off controllably to
prevent signal overlap between individual molecules in each image frame. Two independent mechanisms for
producing switchable light output will be pursued in this project: (1) optimization of energy transfer between
luciferases and photoswitchable fluorescent proteins, followed by directed evolution to increase light output
and improve switching kinetics;; (2) insertion of light-modulated domains into split luciferases in order to
allosterically control enzyme activity. Throughout the project, heavy emphasis will be placed on Rosetta-based
structure-guided computational design for generating novel luciferase-fluorescent protein fusion topologies,
altering luciferase active site environments, and engineering allosterically-regulated luciferases. Directed
evolution with image-based screening will then be the primary approach for improving the properties of probes
under development in each aim. The end products of this project will be a set of genetically encoded
bioluminescent probes with brightness and photoswitching properties suitable for the development of L-
PALM methodologies. Beyond their ultimate utility for L-PALM imaging, many of the probes created in the
course of this project will be the brightest and highest-performing bioluminescent tags yet developed, and as
such will highly useful in numerous other live-cell and whole-organism imaging applications.
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Fluorescent proteins for superresolution imaging
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批准号:8672022
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$36.25万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Nathan Christopher Shaner
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依托单位:
Fluorescent proteins for superresolution imaging
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批准号:9340224
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$34.82万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Nathan Christopher Shaner
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依托单位:
海外基金