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Computing Luminance and Contrast in Prosthetically Driven Retina

计算假体驱动视网膜的亮度和对比度

基本信息

批准号：
10200066
负责人：
Nicholas Oesch
金额：
$ 37.64万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10200066
关键词：
Amacrine Cells Biomedical Engineering Blindness Cells Cessation of life Development Disease Electric Stimulation Electrophysiology (science)Engineering Exhibits Exudative age-related macular degeneration Goals Intuition Knowledge Light Macular degeneration Measures Morphologic artifacts Neurons Nonexudative age-related macular degeneration Ocular Prosthesis Ophthalmologist Output Patients Pattern Photoreceptors Photosensitivity Physiological Physiology Process Property Prosthesis Prosthesis Design Quality of life Research Resolution Retina Retinal Degeneration Retinal Diseases Retinitis Pigmentosa Signal Transduction Silicon Synapses Techniques Technology Time Translating Vision Visual Visual Perception Work base biophysical properties blind design detector experimental study ganglion cell improved innovation insight luminance nanowire neural prosthesis novel novel strategies patient population relating to nervous system response retinal neuron retinal prosthesis retinal stimulation sight restoration spatiotemporal theories visual processing

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Blindness caused by photoreceptor death, such as in Retinitis Pigmentosa and Macular Degeneration, is among the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the world today. Electrical stimulation of spared retinal circuitry by retinal prosthetic devices holds promise for restoring vision, but results so far have been modest at best. Our understanding of how electrical stimulation engages the remaining retinal circuitry to perform basic visual computation is poor. To design more effective retinal prosthetic devices, we need to better understand how prosthetic stimulation activates the diseased retinal circuitry. Two major challenges to studying how sub-retina stimulation activates retinal circuitry are: 1) the lack of techniques to measure electrical activation of bipolar cells, and 2) an incomplete understanding of how retinal degeneration changes visual processing circuits. Here we use a new approach. By recording synaptic output of bipolar cells ex vivo, we can directly readout relevant bipolar cell activity, which is the first stage in sub-retinal prosthetic stimulation. By using a new retinal prosthetic technology, the nanowire detector array, to mimic light input to bipolar cells with high temporal and spatial precision, we can determine how basic computations such as contrast are altered during degeneration. The results from this proposal will be significant and will: 1.) Determine optimal stimulation strategies to restore vision with prosthetics 2.) Uncover basic physiological mechanisms that determine how spared retina responds to electrical stimulation, and 3.) Determine how prosthetics can engage basic computational circuitry in diseased retina to extract temporal contrast information from spatio- temporal patterns of electrical stimulation. These experiments will produce needed insight on the fundamental mechanisms underlying early visual computation and guide strategies to improve the design and execution of retinal prosthetic devices. The long-term goal of this work is to improve the design of retinal prosthetics for vision restoration, ultimately improving the quality of life for a broad patient population.

项目总结