Addressing Health Disparities Among Recent Latinx Immigrants Using a Syndemic Approach

使用流行病方法解决近期拉丁裔移民的健康差异

• 批准号: 10361190
• 负责人: Vicky Vazquez-Barrios
• 金额: $ 1.52万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10361190
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Area; Automobile Driving; Central American; Climate; Communities; Country; Crime; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cuban; Data; Data Analyses; Data Analytics; Development; Discrimination; Emotional; Equation; Exposure to; Factor Analysis; Female; Florida; Frequencies; Fright; Funding; Gender; Gender Role; Guatemala; Health; Immigrant; Immigration; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Language; Latinx; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Manuscripts; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mentorship; Mexican; Minority Groups; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; PF4 Gene; Pattern; Politics; Population; Positioning Attribute; Postdoctoral Fellow; Poverty; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Risk; Role; Sampling; Severities; Social Discrimination; Social support; South American; Stress; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training Activity; Trauma; United States; Venezuela; War; Woman; Writing; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol use disorder; binge drinking; depressive symptoms; design; drinking; epidemiology study; expectation; experience; health care availability; health disparity; high risk; male; men; migration; racial and ethnic; research study; responsible research conduct; skill acquisition; skills; stress symptom; stressor; symposium; syndemic; theories; trauma symptom; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Over the past decade, there has been a shift in Latinx immigration patterns to the U.S. (76% increase of immigrants from Venezuela; 37% increase of immigrants from Guatemala). Seeking asylum from political unrest, many of these immigrants are disproportionately impacted by the compounding conditions of pre and post immigration- stress, trauma, depressive symptoms and alcohol misuse. Most investigations on the interrelations of these conditions have been conducted among mostly Mexican immigrants residing in the U.S. for an extended period of time. Far less is known about the dynamics of the cumulative effect of these conditions among recent Latinx immigrants (RLI). The proposed study will examine the interrelatedness and interactive effects of pre and post immigration stress, trauma, depressive symptoms and alcohol misuse among young adult RLI while considering the role of traditional gender roles. To address this objective, a cross-sectional secondary data analysis will be conducted using baseline data from a NIAAA funded longitudinal study examining drinking and driving trajectories of N= 540 (N= 271 males and N= 269 females) young adult RLI between the ages of 18-34 (M=27.46, SD=5.01) who immigrated to South Florida within the past 12 months. The proposed research study aims to (1) examine the cumulative effects of pre-migration stress/trauma and post-immigration stressors on the depressive symptoms and alcohol use severity of young adult RLI in the U.S., (2) evaluate if gender has a moderating effect on the aforementioned associations, (3) test if these conditions demonstrate to be a syndemic factor, and (4) determine the association between adherence to traditional Latinx gender roles and this proposed syndemic factor. The central hypothesis is that greater levels of pre-migration stress/trauma and post-immigration stressors will be positively associated with post-immigration depressive symptoms and alcohol use severity, and this association will be moderated by gender. Additionally, a single syndemic factor will explain the covariance between these conditions and greater adherence to Latinx traditional gender roles will be positively associated with this syndemic factor. The proposed research questions will be tested by employing hierarchical multiple regression (HMR), moderation analyses, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). A strong mentorship team has been assembled with training activities designed to enhance the applicant’s knowledge and skills in the following areas: (1) alcohol use, trauma, gender roles, and mental health outcomes among recent Latinx immigrants, (2) quantitative data analytic techniques in epidemiological studies, (3) responsible conduct of research, and (4) professional development skills related to alcohol use research (grant and manuscript writing and conference presentations). The proposed research and training experience will successfully position the applicant towards becoming an independent researcher specializing in alcohol use in minority populations and provide essential skills to help her successfully compete for a post-doctoral research position.

项目概要/摘要 过去十年，拉丁裔移民美国的模式发生了转变（增加了 76%） 来自委内瑞拉的移民；来自危地马拉的移民增加了 37%）。寻求政治庇护 由于动乱，这些移民中的许多人受到前和后的复杂条件的影响不成比例。 移民后——压力、创伤、抑郁症状和酗酒。大多数调查是关于 这些条件的相互关系是在居住在美国的大多数墨西哥移民中进行的。 在很长一段时间内。人们对这些累积效应的动态知之甚少。 新近拉丁裔移民 (RLI) 的状况。拟议的研究将检验相互关系和 移民前后压力、创伤、抑郁症状和酗酒的交互影响 年轻成人 RLI 的研究，同时考虑传统性别角色的作用。为了实现这一目标， 将使用 NIAAA 资助的基线数据进行横断面二次数据分析 纵向研究调查了 N= 540 人（N= 271 名男性和 N= 269 名女性）的酒后驾驶轨迹 年龄在 18-34 岁之间（M=27.46，SD=5.01）的年轻成人 RLI，他们在 过去 12 个月。拟议的研究旨在 (1) 检验迁移前的累积效应 压力/创伤和移民后压力源对年轻人抑郁症状和饮酒严重程度的影响 美国成人 RLI，(2) 评估性别是否对上述关联有调节作用，(3) 测试这些情况是否被证明是一个综合症因素，并且 (4) 确定之间的关联 坚持传统的拉丁裔性别角色和这一拟议的流行病因素。中心假设是 更大程度的移民前压力/创伤和移民后压力源将与 移民后抑郁症状和饮酒严重程度，这种关联将受到以下因素的调节 性别。此外，单一的流行病因素将解释这些条件与更大范围内的条件之间的协方差。 坚持拉丁裔传统性别角色将与这种流行病因素呈正相关。这 提出的研究问题将通过采用分层多元回归（HMR）、适度性进行测试 分析、验证性因素分析 (CFA) 和结构方程模型 (SEM)。强有力的指导 团队已组建了培训活动，旨在提高申请人的知识和技能 以下领域：（1）近期拉丁裔的饮酒、创伤、性别角色和心理健康结果 移民，(2) 流行病学研究中的定量数据分析技术，(3) 负责任的行为 研究，以及（4）与酒精使用研究相关的专业发展技能（资助和手稿写作） 和会议演讲）。拟议的研究和培训经验将成功定位 申请人致力于成为一名专门研究少数群体酒精使用的独立研究员，以及 提供必要的技能来帮助她成功竞争博士后研究职位。