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Optimization of micro-coil arrays for precise stimulation of visual cortex

优化微线圈阵列以精确刺激视觉皮层

基本信息

批准号：
10362524
负责人：
Shelley Fried
金额：
$ 40.71万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-01 至 2024-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10362524
关键词：
Animal Diseases Animal Model Animals Area Axon Biological Chronic Cicatrix Clinical Devices Disease Effectiveness Electric Stimulation Electrodes Encapsulated Evaluation Foreign Bodies Freezing Goals Implant Implanted Electrodes In Vitro Individual Infiltration Lead Magnetism Mediating Metals Microelectrodes Modeling Mus Neurons Ocular Prosthesis Pattern Performance Permeability Photic Stimulation Physiologic pulse Physiological Prosthesis Reaction Resolution Retina Retinal Degeneration Retinal Ganglion Cells Saccades Signal Transduction Site Stimulus Testing Thinness Time Tissues V1 neuron Vision Visual Visual Cortex Visual Pathways Visual impairment Visual system structure Water area striata base behavior change blind design electric field electric impedance experimental study hippocampal pyramidal neuron implantation magnetic field neural stimulation neurotransmission predictive modeling relating to nervous system response seal sight restoration success transmission process

项目摘要

Project Summary Electrical stimulation of primary visual cortex (V1) via implanted microelectrode arrays has been proposed as a means to restore vision to those suffering from a wide range of visual impairments. Despite some initial clinical success, systematic advances have been limited by an inability of such devices to selectively target specific neuronal sub-populations as well as by the foreign body responses and other reactions that can compromise the long-term efficacy of implants. Our goal here is to enhance the efficacy and the reliability of cortical implants by developing a micro-coil array for intracortical magnetic stimulation. Coil-based magnetic stimulation has several important advantages when compared to electrode-based electric stimulation. First, the electric fields induced by the coils are spatially asymmetric and can therefore be used to selectively activate vertical pyramidal neurons in the cortex without also activating the horizontal passing axons of other cortical areas, thereby enhancing the spatial resolution of cortical stimulation. Second, the magnetic fields arising from the coils have high permeability to any biological tissue and so they can pass readily through the high impedance glial scarring that encapsulates cortical implants and thus continue to reliably induce electric fields in the targeted area. Third, the micro-coil array can be made more reliable by hermetically sealing the entire device with dielectric coatings so that it will not be plagued by the device degradation caused by water infiltration through the weak bonding between the exposed electrode and the dielectric coating and/or delamination of the thin metal electrode from the substrate during chronic stimulation. Thus, the coil-based approach provides a more effective and more reliable approach for neural stimulation with cortical prostheses. The aims of this proposal are to further enhance the efficacy and reliability of visual prosthetics by optimizing the design of a micro-coil array, developing more effective stimulation strategies, and establishing efficacy in mice that are blind due to retinal degeneration (rd10).

项目摘要通过植入微电极阵列对初级视觉皮质(V1)进行电刺激已被认为是一种为那些遭受各种视力障碍的人恢复视力的手段。尽管最初在临床上由于这些设备不能选择性地针对特定的目标，系统性的进展受到了限制神经元亚群以及异物反应和其他可损害的反应植入物的长期疗效。我们的目标是提高皮质醇的疗效和可靠性。通过开发用于皮质内磁刺激的微线圈阵列来植入。基于线圈的磁刺激与基于电极的电刺激相比，有几个重要的优点。首先，电动汽车由线圈引起的场在空间上是不对称的，因此可以用来选择性地激活垂直皮质中的锥体神经元，而不激活其他皮质区域的水平传递轴突，从而提高了大脑皮层刺激的空间分辨率。第二，从地球表面产生的磁场线圈对任何生物组织都有很高的渗透性，因此它们可以很容易地通过高阻抗包裹皮质植入物的胶质瘢痕形成，因此继续可靠地在目标区域。第三，通过密封整个装置，可以使微线圈阵列更加可靠使用介质涂层，这样它就不会受到水分渗透引起的器件退化的困扰通过暴露的电极与介质涂层之间的弱结合和/或在慢性刺激过程中，金属电极从衬底上薄下来。因此，基于线圈的方法提供了一种更有效和更可靠的皮质假体神经刺激方法。这样做的目的是建议通过优化视觉假体的设计来进一步提高视觉假体的有效性和可靠性微线圈阵列，开发更有效的刺激策略，并在小鼠身上建立功效视网膜变性致盲(RD10)。