An Examination of Brown Adipose Tissue and Energy Expenditure in Infants

项目摘要 肥胖的发育起源开始于子宫内脂肪组织的生长和分化。胎儿 白色脂肪组织的增生是高度可变的，并且依赖于母体子宫内的环境。 与白色脂肪组织不同，棕色脂肪组织（BAT）具有较高的产热能力。蝙蝠是 它在出生时就存在，并被认为支持出生后早期体温调节的关键功能。 因此，BAT也可能影响新生儿能量平衡的发展。类似于白色脂肪 组织，假设BAT在子宫内的发育也受到母体因素的影响， 孕前BMI和妊娠期体重增加。F32的总体研究目标是 研究金的目的是：1）确定有助于新生儿最佳可得技术的产妇和新生儿因素，2）确定 新生儿BAT的变化和能量消耗对轻度寒冷暴露的反应。这些目标将是 通过利用NIH资助的Leanne Redman博士（主要导师）的临床试验来实现健康 Mamas（R01DK124806）。候选人的长期目标是制定独立的研究计划 重点是能量平衡的发展起源。为了实现这一目标，初级培训 目标是：1）培养新生儿临床试验管理和数据收集技能， 2）获得棕色脂肪组织识别（解剖学）的理论和实践专业知识 和激活（生理学）方法，以及，3）获得生理学的教学和实践培训， 临床评估和人体能量消耗的解释。研究和培训将在 在彭宁顿生物医学研究中心，一个特殊的研究环境，提供无尽的 机会，并将在能源平衡领域的世界领导人赞助：博士。 （母亲能量平衡）、Eric Ravussin（能量消耗）和Denis Blondin（BAT）。成功 完成本提案后，将有几个第一作者出版物，并将产生丰富的 竞争性K01应用的初步数据。这份F32提案不仅将作为一次宝贵的培训， 有机会将教学，动手和导师指导学习的平衡，但也是一个新颖的， 有意义的科学贡献。这项拟议的研究金为候选人提供了机会， 开始培训作为一个发展的能量平衡研究员，并推出一个独立的学术生涯。

PROJECT SUMMARY The developmental origins of obesity begin in utero with growth and differentiation of adipose tissue. Fetal white adipose tissue accretion is highly variable and dependent on the maternal intrauterine environment. Unlike white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue (BAT) has a high capacity for thermogenesis. BAT is present at birth and it is believed to support the critical function of thermoregulation in early postnatal life. Therefore, BAT may also influence the development of neonatal energy balance. Similar to white adipose tissue, it is hypothesized that development of BAT in utero is also influenced by maternal factors such as prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain. The overall research aims of this mentored F32 fellowship are to 1) identify maternal and neonatal factors that contribute to neonatal BAT and 2) to identify changes in neonatal BAT and to energy expenditure in response to a mild cold exposure. These aims will be accomplished by leveraging the NIH funded clinical trial of Dr. Leanne Redman (primary mentor) Healthy Mamas (R01DK124806). The long-term goal of the candidate is to develop an independent research program that focuses on the developmental origins of energy balance. To achieve this goal, the primary training objectives are to: 1) develop skills in clinical trial management and data collection for neonates and grantsmanship, 2) acquire theoretical and practical expertise in brown adipose tissue identification (anatomy) and activation (physiology) methodology, and, 3) acquire didactic and hands-on training in the physiology, clinical assessment, and interpretation of human energy expenditure. The research and training will take place at Pennington Biomedical Research Center, an exceptional research environment that offers endless opportunities and will be sponsored by world leaders in the field of energy balance: Drs. Leanne Redman (maternal energy balance), Eric Ravussin (energy expenditure), and Denis Blondin (BAT). Successful completion of this proposal will result in several first-authored publications and will generate a wealth of preliminary data for a competitive K01 application. This F32 proposal will not only serve as a valuable training opportunity to incorporate a balance of didactic, hands-on, and mentor directed learning, but also a novel and meaningful scientific contribution. This proposed fellowship provides the candidate with the opportunity to begin training as a developmental energy balance researcher and to launch an independent academic career.