Neglect, Poverty and Family Services: A Longitudinal Perspective on Child Well Being

忽视、贫困和家庭服务：儿童福祉的纵向视角

• 批准号: 10217900
• 负责人: Patricia Bicknell Logan-Greene
• 金额: $ 8.55万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10217900
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adverse effects; Affect; Age; Area; Attention; Biological Process; Brain; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Welfare; Childhood; Chronic; Cognition; Collaborations; Data; Development; Dimensions; Distress; Failure; Family; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Gender; Geography; Hormones; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Health; Metabolic; Methodology; Modeling; Neurologic; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Poverty; Probability; Prospective Studies; Race; Reporting; Sampling; Series; Services; Sexual abuse; Site; Social Work; Stress; Supervision; Testing; Time; Trauma; child neglect; child protection; critical period; demographics; design; early childhood; emotion regulation; emotional adjustment; experience; health care settings; improved; maltreatment; neglect; physical abuse; prevent; programs; service providers; social; time use

Project Summary Neglect is the most common form of child maltreatment, comprising approximately 75% of child protection cases, yet is understudied compared to other forms of abuse. Chronic adversities, such as neglect, activate stress hormones and biological processes that result in a variety of negative effects on the body that are evident in very young children. While it is clear that there are negative effects of neglect, less understood is the impact on child wellbeing over time. Additionally, it is well-established that neglect is closely associated with poverty, yet there has been little examination of the interactions between these two variables over time. Moreover, it is unclear how effective social services are at preventing future neglect. This study will utilize data from the LONGSCAN study, a prospective study on child maltreatment, to examine the longitudinal effects of neglect (specifically the dimensions of failure to provide and lack of supervision) and its co-occurrence with poverty. The LONGSCAN consortium is a collaboration between five study sites intended to examine child maltreatment from ages 0-16 with common measures and methodologies and frequent assessments. The sample contains variability in the experiences of neglect and poverty, allowing comparisons across different exposures. In the first aim, competing hypotheses will be examined concerning how neglect imparts harm, assessed using measures of mental health and social/emotional adjustment. One hypothesis is that there may be a critical period where experiences of neglect are particularly deleterious. Alternatively, chronic experiences of neglect may result in a cumulative effect – the more ongoing experiences of neglect, the more severe the sequelae. It is predicted that there is a critical period for neglect in early childhood. A series of nested models will be performed to test these hypotheses regarding critical periods and cumulative effects, controlling for race and gender. The models will be re-estimated controlling for demographics, poverty, other forms of maltreatment, and geographical study site within the LONGSCAN data. In the second aim, latent transition analysis will be used to detect patterns of co-occurrence of the two neglect subtypes and poverty across four developmental periods from 0-16, and will identify the transition probabilities between derived statuses at the subsequent developmental period. The effects of service, classified as one of three service types (poverty, neglect, and other services), will then be examined to determine if they effectively change the probability of subsequent poverty and neglect. The hypothesis is that for those who experience both poverty and neglect, services that address neglect will be most effective in conjunction with poverty services. The knowledge gained from this study can inform decisions about how best to respond to neglect during differing developmental periods. Furthermore, by understanding the frequency with which poverty and neglect co-occur, and whether certain services can change those outcomes, practitioners can better disrupt chronic and persistent trauma and contribute to improved child wellbeing.

项目摘要 忽视是虐待儿童的最常见形式，约占儿童保护的75%。 案例，但与其他形式的虐待相比，研究不足。长期的逆境，如忽视，会激活 应激激素和生物过程会对身体产生各种负面影响，这些负面影响 在非常小的孩子身上很明显。虽然忽视有明显的负面影响，但人们对 随着时间的推移，对儿童福祉的影响。此外，众所周知，忽视与 然而，随着时间的推移，很少研究这两个变量之间的相互作用。 此外，目前还不清楚社会服务在防止未来的忽视方面有多有效。这项研究将利用数据 来自龙坎研究，一项关于虐待儿童的前瞻性研究，以检查 忽视(特别是未能提供和缺乏监督的方面)及其与 贫穷。龙扫描联盟是五个旨在检查儿童的研究网站之间的合作 使用共同的措施和方法以及频繁的评估，对0-16岁的儿童进行虐待。这个 样本包含忽视和贫困经历的可变性，允许比较不同的 曝光。在第一个目标中，将检验关于忽视如何带来伤害的相互竞争的假设， 使用心理健康和社会/情绪适应的测量进行评估。一种假设是，可能存在 是一个被忽视的经历特别有害的关键时期。或者，慢性体验 忽视可能会导致累积效应--持续的忽视经历越多，越严重 后遗症。据预测，儿童早期有一个忽视的关键期。一系列嵌套模型 将测试这些关于关键期和累积效应的假设，控制种族 和性别。这些模型将重新估计人口、贫困、其他形式的 虐待，和地理研究地点内的龙山数据。在第二个目标中，潜在的过渡 分析将被用来检测两种忽视亚型和四种类型的贫困共同出现的模式 从0到16的发育期，并将在 随后的发育期。服务的影响，分类为三种服务类型之一(贫困、 疏忽和其他服务)，然后将进行检查，以确定它们是否有效地改变了 随之而来的贫穷和忽视。假设是，对于那些同时经历贫困和忽视的人来说， 解决忽视问题的服务与贫穷服务相结合将是最有效的。所获得的知识 这项研究可以为如何最好地应对不同发展阶段的忽视提供决策依据 句号。此外，通过了解贫穷和忽视共同发生的频率，以及 某些服务可以改变这些结果，从业者可以更好地破坏慢性和持续性的创伤 并为改善儿童福祉做出贡献。