Neglect, Poverty and Family Services: A Longitudinal Perspective on Child Well Being

忽视、贫困和家庭服务：儿童福祉的纵向视角

• 批准号: 10217900
• 负责人: Patricia Bicknell Logan-Greene
• 金额: $ 8.55万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10217900
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adverse effects; Affect; Age; Area; Attention; Biological Process; Brain; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Welfare; Childhood; Chronic; Cognition; Collaborations; Data; Development; Dimensions; Distress; Failure; Family; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Gender; Geography; Hormones; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Health; Metabolic; Methodology; Modeling; Neurologic; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Poverty; Probability; Prospective Studies; Race; Reporting; Sampling; Series; Services; Sexual abuse; Site; Social Work; Stress; Supervision; Testing; Time; Trauma; child neglect; child protection; critical period; demographics; design; early childhood; emotion regulation; emotional adjustment; experience; health care settings; improved; maltreatment; neglect; physical abuse; prevent; programs; service providers; social; time use

Project Summary Neglect is the most common form of child maltreatment, comprising approximately 75% of child protection cases, yet is understudied compared to other forms of abuse. Chronic adversities, such as neglect, activate stress hormones and biological processes that result in a variety of negative effects on the body that are evident in very young children. While it is clear that there are negative effects of neglect, less understood is the impact on child wellbeing over time. Additionally, it is well-established that neglect is closely associated with poverty, yet there has been little examination of the interactions between these two variables over time. Moreover, it is unclear how effective social services are at preventing future neglect. This study will utilize data from the LONGSCAN study, a prospective study on child maltreatment, to examine the longitudinal effects of neglect (specifically the dimensions of failure to provide and lack of supervision) and its co-occurrence with poverty. The LONGSCAN consortium is a collaboration between five study sites intended to examine child maltreatment from ages 0-16 with common measures and methodologies and frequent assessments. The sample contains variability in the experiences of neglect and poverty, allowing comparisons across different exposures. In the first aim, competing hypotheses will be examined concerning how neglect imparts harm, assessed using measures of mental health and social/emotional adjustment. One hypothesis is that there may be a critical period where experiences of neglect are particularly deleterious. Alternatively, chronic experiences of neglect may result in a cumulative effect – the more ongoing experiences of neglect, the more severe the sequelae. It is predicted that there is a critical period for neglect in early childhood. A series of nested models will be performed to test these hypotheses regarding critical periods and cumulative effects, controlling for race and gender. The models will be re-estimated controlling for demographics, poverty, other forms of maltreatment, and geographical study site within the LONGSCAN data. In the second aim, latent transition analysis will be used to detect patterns of co-occurrence of the two neglect subtypes and poverty across four developmental periods from 0-16, and will identify the transition probabilities between derived statuses at the subsequent developmental period. The effects of service, classified as one of three service types (poverty, neglect, and other services), will then be examined to determine if they effectively change the probability of subsequent poverty and neglect. The hypothesis is that for those who experience both poverty and neglect, services that address neglect will be most effective in conjunction with poverty services. The knowledge gained from this study can inform decisions about how best to respond to neglect during differing developmental periods. Furthermore, by understanding the frequency with which poverty and neglect co-occur, and whether certain services can change those outcomes, practitioners can better disrupt chronic and persistent trauma and contribute to improved child wellbeing.

项目摘要 虐待儿童是最常见的虐待儿童形式，约占儿童保护的75 然而，与其他形式的虐待相比，这一问题研究得不够。慢性逆境，如忽视，激活 应激激素和生物过程，导致对身体的各种负面影响， 在很小的孩子身上很明显。虽然忽视的负面影响是显而易见的，但人们对忽视的负面影响了解较少。 随着时间的推移对儿童福祉的影响。此外，众所周知，忽视与以下因素密切相关： 贫穷，但很少审查这两个变量之间的相互作用。 此外，目前还不清楚社会服务在防止未来忽视方面的有效性。这项研究将利用数据 来自LONGSCAN研究，一项关于儿童虐待的前瞻性研究，以检查 忽视（特别是未能提供和缺乏监督的方面）及其与 贫困LONGSCAN联盟是五个研究中心之间的合作，旨在检查儿童 对0-16岁儿童的虐待问题采取共同措施和方法，并经常进行评估。的 样本包含被忽视和贫困经历的可变性，可以进行不同经历的比较 暴露。在第一个目标中，将审查关于忽视如何造成伤害的相互竞争的假设， 使用心理健康和社会/情绪调整措施进行评估。一种假设是， 这是一个被忽视的经历特别有害的关键时期。另外，慢性经历 忽视可能会导致累积效应-忽视的持续经历越多， 后遗症据预测，在幼儿期有一个被忽视的关键时期。一系列嵌套模型 将进行测试这些假设的关键时期和累积效应，控制种族 和性别。这些模型将在控制人口统计、贫困、其他形式的 虐待和LONGSCAN数据中的地理研究中心。在第二个目标中， 分析将被用来检测两个忽视亚型和贫困在四个国家共同出现的模式。 从0-16的发展时期，并将确定在衍生状态之间的过渡概率， 随后的发展时期。服务的影响，被归类为三种服务类型之一（贫困， 忽视，和其他服务），然后将被检查，以确定他们是否有效地改变的概率， 随之而来的贫困和忽视。假设是，对于那些既贫穷又被忽视的人来说， 解决忽视问题的服务与减贫服务结合起来将最为有效。获得的知识 从这项研究可以告知决策如何最好地应对忽视在不同的发展过程中， 时期此外，通过了解贫困和忽视同时发生的频率， 某些服务可以改变这些结果，从业者可以更好地破坏慢性和持续性创伤 并为改善儿童福利做出贡献。