ERP studies of acute influences of THC and CBD on memory encoding and retrieval processes

项目摘要 以前的研究已经记录了大麻使用对言语情景记忆的急性有害影响，但在此之前 工作没有充分考虑到大麻的记忆效应是不同的 大麻素作用于不同的记忆过程。具体地说，大麻二酚(CBD)，一种非精神分裂症药物 大麻成分(不会产生兴奋)，被认为具有认知保护特性，并可能 减轻∆9-四氢大麻酚(THC)的一些有害影响。初步数据，包括我们自己的，表明 THC和CBD对记忆有不同的影响。此外，之前很少有研究测试过高效力。 常见的菌株。我们的全球假设是，大麻对记忆的影响随着 CBD/THC的作用，THC有可能被CBD抵消的不良影响。这个 这项研究的目的是测试三种不同的商业上可获得的大麻品种的效果 它们的CBD与THC的比率显著增加。为此，我们将测试-THC/+CBD(0%THC/16%CBD)的效果， +THC/-CBD(16%THC/0%CBD)菌株和+THC/+CBD(16%THC/16%CBD)菌株识别记忆为 以及事件相关脑电位(ERPs)，此前发现这些电位与不同的 潜在的记忆过程。我们使用一种自然主义的观察设计，每个参与者都将 在一天喝醉而另一天不喝醉的情况下完成相同的记忆任务(命令 平衡)。目标1(实验1)将评估再认记忆性能和与记忆相关的 随机分配的三种大麻中的一种自我给药后大麻使用者的事件相关电位成分 记忆编码(学习)和记忆过程中的菌株(+THC/-CBD与-THC/+CBD与+THC/+CBD) 取回。目标2和目标3将解开大麻对记忆编码和提取过程的影响。这个 当使用者只在记忆提取(AIM)过程中被急性醉酒时，将测试这三种菌株的效果 2，实验2)或当使用者只在记忆编码过程中喝醉时(目标3，实验3)。我们 假设每个实验中应变的逐步效应，这样+THC/-CBD组将证明 与+THC/+CBD组相比，内存精度降幅最大，这将显示更大的 与-THC/+CBD组相比，内存减少。除了菌株鉴定外，CBD和THC血液水平 还将进行与记忆准确性相关的测试，更高的CBD/THC水平与更高/更低相关 记忆的准确性。我们进一步预测在编码过程中记录的与记忆相关的事件相关电位成分 检索将显示压力和血液水平的影响与准确性平行，这些影响的变化表明 对不同记忆加工(编码、熟悉、回忆、后提取)的相对影响 监控)。这项研究在当今法律快速变化和大麻使用量增加的环境下至关重要 娱乐和医疗用途。及时、准确地提供关于真实世界大麻对 记忆过程对于减少危害和确定广泛合法化的好处至关重要。

Project Summary Previous research has documented acute harmful effects of cannabis use on verbal episodic memory, but prior work has not sufficiently considered that the memory effects of cannabis are the compound action of different cannabinoids acting on different memory processes. Specifically, cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotomimetic component of cannabis (doesn’t produce a “high”), is thought to have cognitively protective properties and may mitigate some harmful effects of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Preliminary data, including our own, suggest that THC and CBD render differential effects on memory. Further, few prior studies have tested high potency strains that are commonly available. Our global hypothesis is that the effects of cannabis on memory vary as a function of the ratio of CBD to THC, with THC having adverse effects that may be counteracted by CBD. The goal of this study is to test the effects of three real-world commercially available cannabis strains that differ markedly in their ratio of CBD to THC. To that end, we will test the effects of -THC/+CBD (0% THC/16% CBD), +THC/-CBD (16% THC/0% CBD), and +THC/+CBD (16% THC/16% CBD) strains on recognition memory as well as event-related brain potentials (ERPs) that have previously been found to be related to different underlying memory processes. We use a naturalistic observational design in which each participant will complete the same memory task while intoxicated one day and not intoxicated another day (order counterbalanced). Aim 1 (Experiment 1) will assess recognition memory performance and memory-related ERP components in cannabis users after self-administration of one of three randomly assigned cannabis strains (+THC/-CBD vs. -THC/+CBD vs. +THC/+CBD) during both memory encoding (learning) and memory retrieval. Aims 2 and 3 will dissociate the effects of cannabis on memory encoding vs. retrieval processes. The effects of the three strains will be tested when users are acutely intoxicated only during memory retrieval (Aim 2, Experiment 2) or when users are intoxicated only during memory encoding (Aim 3, Experiment 3). We hypothesize a step wise effect of strain in each experiment such that the +THC/-CBD group will demonstrate the largest decrement in memory accuracy, as compared to the +THC/+CBD group, which will show a larger memory decrement than the -THC/+CBD group. In addition to strain assignment, CBD and THC blood levels will also be tested in relation to memory accuracy, with greater CBD/THC levels associated with higher/lower memory accuracy. We further predict that memory-related ERP components recorded during encoding and retrieval will show strain and blood level effects paralleling accuracy, with variations in these effects indicating the relative influences on different memory subprocesses (encoding, familiarity, recollection, post-retrieval monitoring). This study is critical in today’s climate of rapid legal changes and increased cannabis use for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Timely and accurate data on the impact of real-world cannabis on memory processes is critical in order to reduce the harms and identify the benefits of widespread legalization.