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Jim Crow in the Asylum: Psychiatry and Civil Rights in the American South

精神病院中的吉姆·克劳：美国南部的精神病学和民权

基本信息

批准号：
10304907
负责人：
Kylie Monique Smith
金额：
$ 4.75万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-12-01 至 2022-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10304907
关键词：
Affect African American population Alabama Attention Attitude Belief Civil Rights Collaborations Communities Complex Crows Deinstitutionalization Desegregation Development Diagnosis Funding Government Health Professional Hospitals Humanities Imprisonment Inequality Inferior Institution Involuntary Commitment Journals Language Laws Lawyers Length Link Medical Medicare/Medicaid Mental Health Mental Health Services Mental Processes Mental disorders Minority Mississippi Monograph Movement Nature North Carolina Outcome Patient Admission Patient Care Patients Pattern Politics Process Professional Organizations Psychiatric Hospitals Psychiatric therapeutic procedure Psychiatry Publishing Race Recording of previous events Records Research Resistance Scholarship Service provision Services Shame Site Socioeconomic Status South American State Hospitals Statutes and Laws Structure System Thinking United States National Library of Medicine Universities Work anti-racism court digital mental development neglect operation response segregation social social stigma statistics

项目摘要

Dr Kylie M. Smith NLM G13 Application. Title: Jim Crow in the Asylum: Psychiatry and Civil Rights in the American South Abstract: Disparities in mental health, especially for minorities and African Americans, have a long and complex history. Jim Crow in the Asylum: Psychiatry and Civil Rights in the American South, analyzes the practices and politics of segregation in psychiatric institutions in Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi in the 1960s and 70s. The project pays particular attention to the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Medicare and Medicaid in 1965 on the operation of state institutions, demonstrating that different approaches to the issues of racial segregation had varied consequences for services in these states. During the 1960s a number of mental health professionals and Civil Rights lawyers attempted to change the ways in which services were provided and patients cared for. Alabama was particularly significant in this period as the judicial activism of Judge Frank Johnson, who ruled in favour of patients in a number of medical segregation and minimum standards cases, set national precedents. Despite the significance of Johnson's court for national mental health law, there is no existing research on the process of desegregation in the psychiatric hospitals of Alabama or neighboring states Georgia or Mississippi who had their own particular responses to legislative and cultural change. Similarly, there is no analysis of the long-term implications of the racist psychiatric thinking which underpinned disparities in these states. This project aims to expand on recent scholarship in the history of psychiatry that focuses on Northern states, by analyzing the ways in which the legacy of segregation has shaped the development of mental health services in the South. The advent of Medicare and Medicaid funds gave leverage to government and judicial enforcement of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, finally forcing the formal desegregation of these facilities. However, underlying racist attitudes were harder to shift. These attitudes can be linked to current disparities in mental health care and to the complex relationship between mental illness and mass incarceration.

凯莉·M.博士史密斯NLM G13应用程序。吉姆·克劳在庇护所：精神病学和民权在美国南部摘要：心理健康的差异，特别是少数民族和非洲裔美国人，复杂的历史。庇护中的吉姆·克劳：美国精神病学与民权南，分析了在格鲁吉亚精神病院隔离的做法和政治，上世纪六七十年代的亚拉巴马和密西西比。该项目特别注意 1964年的民权法案和1965年的医疗保险和医疗补助对医疗机构运作的影响国家机构，表明对种族隔离问题的不同做法，对这些国家的服务产生了不同的后果。20世纪60年代，一些心理健康专业人士和民权律师试图改变服务的方式，提供和照顾病人。亚拉巴马在这一时期尤为重要，法官弗兰克约翰逊的司法能动主义，他在一些医疗案件中做出了有利于病人的裁决，隔离和最低标准案件，树立了国家先例。尽管重要的是约翰逊的国家精神卫生法法院，没有现有的研究过程中，废除亚拉巴马或邻近州格鲁吉亚精神病院的种族隔离，密西西比人对立法和文化变革有自己独特的反应。同样地，没有分析种族主义精神病思维的长期影响，在这些国家的差距。该项目旨在扩大最近的奖学金，精神病学的历史，侧重于北方国家，通过分析的方式，遗产种族隔离影响了南方精神卫生服务的发展。的出现医疗保险和医疗补助基金为政府和司法执行第六章提供了杠杆作用《民权法案》最终迫使这些设施正式废除种族隔离。但是，在这方面，潜在的种族主义态度更难改变。这些态度可以与当前的精神卫生保健方面的差距以及精神疾病与大规模监禁。