Usher Proteins in the Inner Ear Structure and Function
Usher Proteins in the Inner Ear Structure and Function
批准号:
10302309
负责人:
Zubair M. Ahmed
金额:
$60.4万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2012
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2012-12-01 至 2023-11-30
关键词:
Acoustic NerveActinsAction PotentialsAffectAgeAllelesAuditoryBindingBlindnessBuffersCalciumCalcium and Integrin Binding Protein 2Calcium-Binding ProteinsCell physiologyCellsCellular StructuresCochleaComplexDataDevelopmentDiseaseElectric CapacitanceElectron MicroscopyElementsExocytosisFunctional disorderFundingGenesGoalsGrowthHairHair CellsHearingHeightHumanImpairmentIn VitroIndividualInheritedInner Hair CellsKnock-inKnock-in MouseKnowledgeLabyrinthLengthLinkMolecularMorphologyMouse StrainsMusMutateMutationOTOF geneOutcome StudyOuter Hair CellsPhysiologicalPiezo 2 ion channelPopulation HeterogeneityPreventionProtein IsoformsProteinsRegulationResearchRodentRoleSecondary toStimulusStructureSynapsesSystemTestingTherapeuticTransmission Electron MicroscopyUsher ProteinsUsher SyndromeVariantWHRN genebasedeafdeafnesshearing impairmentin vivomechanotransductionmouse modelmutantmyosin XVAneurotransmissionnovelpostnatalpublic health relevanceresponsesynaptic functionsynaptogenesisvoltage
中文摘要
Usher综合征(USH)是遗传性隐性耳聋的最常见形式,
失明 在内耳中,USH蛋白构成静纤毛束的组分,
机电转换(MET)机械。我们以前已经确定了CIB 2基因编码
钙和整合素结合蛋白2(CIB 2)作为USH 1和非耳聋综合征耳聋的原因
不同人群(Patel et al 2015,Riazuddin et al 2012,Seco et al 2016)。 CIB 2表达于
啮齿类动物中的毛细胞静纤毛,但其确切功能未知(Riazuddin et al 2012)。上一
在资助期间,我们建立了携带人类耳聋相关Cib 2变体(Cib 2F 91 S)的小鼠模型
敲除蛋白),并将其与缺乏CIB 2的小鼠系(Cib 2 tm 1a)一起表征。 我们发现,
这些小鼠品系是耳聋的,并且在听觉毛细胞中没有常规的MET反应,尽管
存在正常门控MET通道的尖端连接,并且
Cib 2F 91 S/F91 S小鼠静纤毛中的突变CIB 2。我们还发现,CIB 2结合的成分,
毛细胞MET复合物,TMC 1和TMC 2,这些相互作用被耳聋破坏,
Cib 2变体。 我们得出结论,CIB 2对MET功能至关重要(Giese et al 2017)。 这本小说
MET机器的元素特别有趣,因为它可能负责至少一些
的多种众所周知的影响的Ca 2+对毛细胞的机械转导。在这里,我们将探讨
CIB 2在MET中的确切作用为了达到这个目的,我们已经在小鼠品系中产生了另一种敲除
(Cib2R186W)。R186 W变体不影响CIB 2与TMC 1/2的相互作用,但损害其钙缓冲
能力 将Cib 2 R186 W小鼠与Cib 2F 91 S等位基因进行比较,该等位基因损害CIB 2与TMC 1/2的相互作用,
导致MET丢失。我们的研究还证实,CIB 2缺乏导致异常生长,
在不影响非传导性最高行的情况下,
静纤毛(Giese et al 2017)。 因此,CIB 2可能是连接MET通道的重要分子,
活性和静纤毛肌动蛋白核心重塑。 这种联系的存在是建立在我们的平行
研究(Velez-Ortega et al 2017)。在这里,我们将确定CIB 2如何控制转导的高度。
听毛细胞中的静纤毛。最后,我们还发现,CIB 2缺乏会导致
内毛细胞(IHC)突触的数量。因此,我们将研究
CIB 2参与IHC突触功能。 本研究的预期结果是揭示(a)
与CIB 2缺乏相关的耳聋的确切机制和(B)CIB 2缺乏的生理作用。
CIB 2蛋白在毛细胞中的功能,特别是在MET和神经传递中。 积极的潜力
影响是固有的;重新破译USH蛋白质的功能是发展的关键一步,
用于治疗和/或预防这种使人衰弱的终身疾病的实际疗法。
英文摘要
Usher syndrome (USH) represents the most prevalent form of inherited recessive deafness associated
with blindness. In the inner ear, USH proteins constitute the components of stereocilia bundle and
mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) machinery. We have previously identified the CIB2 gene encoding
Calcium and Integrin-Binding protein 2 (CIB2) as the cause of USH1 and non-syndromic deafness in
diverse populations (Patel et al 2015, Riazuddin et al 2012, Seco et al 2016). CIB2 is expressed in the
hair cell stereocilia in rodents, but its exact function was unknown (Riazuddin et al 2012). In the previous
funding period, we generated a mouse model carrying the human deafness-related Cib2 variant (Cib2F91S
knock-in) and characterized it together with a mouse line lacking CIB2 (Cib2tm1a). We found that both
these mouse strains are deaf and have no conventional MET responses in the auditory hair cells, despite
the presence of tip links that normally gate the MET channels and apparently unchanged localization of
mutant CIB2 in the stereocilia of Cib2F91S/F91S mice. We also found that CIB2 binds to the components of
the hair cell MET complex, TMC1 and TMC2, and these interactions are disrupted by deafness-causing
Cib2 variants. We concluded that CIB2 is essential for the MET function (Giese et al 2017). This novel
element of the MET machinery is particularly interesting because it may be responsible for at least some
of the multiple well-known effects of Ca2+ on the hair cell mechanotransduction. Here, we will explore the
exact role of CIB2 in MET. Towards this end, we have already generated another knock-in mouse strain
(Cib2R186W). R186W variant does not affect CIB2 interaction with TMC1/2 but impairs its calcium buffering
ability. Cib2R186W mice will be compared with Cib2F91S allele that impairs CIB2 interaction with TMC1/2,
leading to the loss of MET. Our studies also established that CIB2 deficiency results in abnormal growth
of the transducing shorter row stereocilia in the hair bundle without affecting non-transducing tallest row
stereocilia (Giese et al 2017). Thus, CIB2 may represent an important molecule, linking MET channel
activity and stereocilia actin core remodeling. The existence of such link was established in our parallel
study (Velez-Ortega et al 2017). Here, we will determine how CIB2 controls the height of the transducing
stereocilia in the auditory hair cells. Finally, we have also found that CIB2 deficiency results in decreased
number of the inner hair cell (IHC) synapses. Therefore, we will investigate the potential mechanisms of
CIB2 involvement in the IHC synaptic function. The expected outcomes of this study are to uncover (a)
the precise mechanism of deafness associated with CIB2 deficiency and (b) the physiological role of
CIB2 protein in hair cell functions, especially in MET and neurotransmission. The potential for positive
impact is inherent;; deciphering the functions of USH proteins is a critical step towards the development of
actual therapies for the treatment and/or prevention of this debilitating, lifelong disease.
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