Maternal Self-Regulation and Early Childhood Obesity

项目摘要 幼儿依赖父母创造支持健康体重的家庭环境， 许多父母并没有始终如一地保护他们的孩子免受肥胖的影响。此外，若干 作为解决儿童早期肥胖症一种手段，改善父母养育的干预措施一直在与父母进行斗争， 参与和坚持。在成年人中，自我调节能力差，或个人调节能力有限 情绪、思想和行为，是一个强大的，但可以改变的肥胖风险因素。不良的自我调节可能 类似地，它也会干扰父母以支持孩子健康体重的方式养育孩子的能力， 没有可靠的数据直接支持这一猜想。此外，虽然提高儿童的自我调节能力， 被认为是解决儿童肥胖问题的一种有前途的方法，但我们目前还不知道如何解决。 父母和孩子的自我调节共同影响孩子的成长。信息的缺乏使我们无法 从确定是否只针对儿童自我调节，只针对父母自我调节，或两者兼而有之， 可能是预防或治疗儿童肥胖症的最有效手段。我们的长期目标是确定 可持续地改善父母使用支持儿童健康体重的做法的战略。客观 本研究的目的是确定母亲的自我调节、与体重相关的养育方式之间的相互关系， 实践，儿童自我调节和儿童肥胖症从3岁到5岁，这是预防肥胖的关键时期。 长期肥胖症的发病。我们的中心假设是，自我调节能力差阻碍了母亲参与 支持儿童健康体重的父母行为，导致年轻人肥胖过度 孩子我们还预计，在母亲和孩子都自我调节能力差的家庭中， 更难以有效地进行与体重有关的养育，孩子们将经历 肥胖率增长最快为了验证这一中心假设，我们将进行一项前瞻性队列研究 招募了300名母亲/儿童二人组的社会人口统计学多样性样本，在2.5年内收集了3次数据 （1）确定母亲的自我调节与 （2）确定母亲的自我调节与体重变化之间的关系。 儿童肥胖，（3）确定儿童自我调节如何改变母亲的自我， 调节、与体重相关的养育和儿童肥胖。这个项目在概念上是创新的， 母亲的自我调节，它对母亲和子女之间的二元互动的认识，以及使用 严格的方法来衡量自我调节和养育。这项研究意义重大，因为它将阐明 母亲自我调节的缺陷何时、如何以及在哪些人中导致了幼儿肥胖 风险有一些已知的策略可以改善自我调节，并加强成年人的行为改变， 自我调节能力差。研究结果将为开发新的干预措施提供必要的指导 将母亲的自我调节作为预防和治疗儿童肥胖症的一种机制。

PROJECT SUMMARY Young children are dependent on their parents to create family environments that support healthy weight, yet many parents do not consistently parent in ways that protect their children from obesity. Further, several interventions to improve parenting as a means to address early childhood obesity have struggled with parent engagement and adherence. In adults, poor self-regulation, or limitations in an individuals' capacity to regulate emotions, thoughts, and behavior, is a robust, yet modifiable, risk factor for obesity. Poor self-regulation may similarly interfere with parents' ability to parent in ways that support their children's healthy weight, but there are no robust data to directly support this conjecture. Further, while improving children's self-regulation has been identified as a promising method to address childhood obesity, we do not currently understand how parent and child self-regulation work together to impact children's growth. This lack of information precludes us from identifying whether targeting child self-regulation alone, parent self-regulation alone, or both together, may be the most effective means to prevent or treat childhood obesity. Our long-term goal is to identify strategies to sustainably improve parents' use of practices that support children's healthy weight. The objective of this study is to identify the interrelationships between mothers' self-regulation, their weight-related parenting practices, child self-regulation, and child adiposity from ages 3 through 5, a critical period for preventing the onset of long-term obesity. Our central hypothesis is that poor self-regulation impedes mothers' engagement in parenting practices that support children's healthy weight, leading to excessive gains in adiposity among young children. We also expect that in families where both mothers and children have poor self-regulation, mothers have even greater difficulty engaging in effective weight-related parenting, and children will experience the most rapid gains in adiposity. To test this central hypothesis, we will conduct a prospective cohort study enrolling a socio-demographically diverse sample of 300 mother/child dyads, collecting data 3 times over 2.5 years to address the following specific aims: (1) Identify relationships between mothers' self-regulation and weight-related parenting practices, (2) Identify relationships between mothers' self-regulation and changes in child adiposity, and (3) Identify how child self-regulation modifies relationships between mothers' self- regulation, weight-related parenting, and child adiposity. This project is conceptually innovative in its focus on mothers' self-regulation, its recognition of the dyadic interactions between mothers and children, and the use of rigorous methods to measure self-regulation and parenting. This research is significant because it will elucidate when, how, and among whom deficits in mothers' self-regulation contribute to their young children's obesity risk. There are known strategies to improve self-regulation and enhance behavior change among adults with poor self-regulation. Findings will provide essential guidance for the development of novel intervention approaches to target mothers' self-regulation as a mechanism to prevent and treat childhood obesity.