Dynamic approaches to understanding social cognitive aging: A social network neuroscience approach

理解社会认知衰老的动态方法：社交网络神经科学方法

• 批准号: 10342805
• 负责人: Richard F Betzel
• 金额: $ 47.48万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10342805
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Cognitive deficits; Collection; Communication; Data; Elderly; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Knowledge; Longevity; Measures; Methods; Mind; Nature; Neurosciences; Performance; Persons; Population; Poverty; Process; Research; Rest; Sampling; Social Behavior; Social Controls; Social Interaction; Social Network; Stimulus; Structure; Task Performances; Weight; Work; age difference; age related; base; cognitive function; cognitive task; effective intervention; healthy aging; improved; innovation; insight; interest; mental state; neglect; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; pathological aging; social; social cognition; social neuroscience; social relationships; theories; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Social connectedness is critical for promoting healthy aging, including delaying the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Developing and maintaining social relationships relies on social cognitive function – the process by which people understand, store, and apply information about others. However, healthy aging and AD are associated with declines in social cognitive function. Identifying the mechanisms underlying this decline is essential for ultimately improving the clinical course of AD. Neuroscience is uniquely suited to identify these mechanisms because the brain regions underlying social behavior have been well-characterized. However, the limited work in this domain has fallen short in elucidating how brain activation relates to older adults’ social cognitive deficits. One reason for this might be its reliance on relatively narrow measures of brain activation and impoverished stimuli, which neglect the dynamic nature of brain function and of social interactions. The current proposal addresses these gaps by applying cutting-edge methods from the field of network neuroscience to social cognitive aging to examine how age-related changes in brain networks – collections of brain regions that communicate disproportionately more with each other – affect social cognitive function. Using this novel social network neuroscience framework will ultimately transform our understanding of the mechanisms by which healthy aging and AD disrupt social cognitive function. In Aim 1, we compare traditional approaches of focusing on activation in specific brain regions to a brain networks approach in order to determine which better relates to social cognitive deficits (e.g., theory of mind; the ability to infer others’ mental states). Aim 2 explores whether older adults’ less stable brain networks predict their theory of mind deficits. An exploratory goal of this aim is to determine whether dynamic (more naturalistic) stimuli provide greater insight into age-related social cognitive deficits than traditional, static stimuli. Finally, Aim 3 challenges current assumptions that older adults’ social cognitive deficits are limited to how their brains engage during tasks. Specifically, we examine whether older adults’ baseline brain network structure (during resting state) predicts their subsequent task performance, and extend this question to an AD sample. The proposed study combines cutting-edge network neuroscience methods with social cognitive aging to advance our understanding of healthy aging and AD. Ultimately, this project will help identify novel targets for intervention to slow the progression of AD.

项目摘要 社会联系对于促进健康的衰老至关重要，包括推迟发作 阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）。发展和维持社会关系依赖于 社会认知功能 - 人们理解，存储和应用的过程 有关他人的信息。但是，健康的衰老和广告与下降有关 社会认知功能。确定这种下降的机制是必不可少的 最终改善AD的临床过程。神经科学非常适合 确定这些机制，因为社会行为背后的大脑区域 经过很好的特征。但是，该领域的有限工作缺乏 阐明大脑激活与老年人的社会认知缺陷的关系。一 原因可能是其在相对狭窄的大脑激活措施和 贫穷的刺激，忽略了大脑功能和社会的动态性质 互动。当前的提案通过应用尖端来解决这些差距 网络神经科学领域到社会认知衰老的方法 大脑网络与年龄相关的变化 - 交流的大脑区域集合 彼此之间不成比例 - 影响社会认知功能。使用此 新颖的社交网络神经科学框架最终将改变我们的理解 健康的衰老和AD破坏社会认知功能的机制。在 AIM 1，我们比较了专注于特定大脑激活的传统方法 大脑网络的区域方法是为了确定与社会的更好关系 认知缺陷（例如，思想理论；推断他人精神状态的能力）。目标2 探索老年人的脑网络较不稳定的大脑网络是否预测了他们的思想理论 缺陷。此目标的探索性目标是确定动态是否（更多 自然主义）刺激对与年龄相关的社会认知缺陷提供了更大的了解 传统的静态刺激。最后，目标3挑战了当前的老年人的假设 社会认知定义仅限于他们在任务中的大脑如何参与。具体来说， 我们检查老年人的基线大脑网络结构（在静止状态）是否 预测其随后的任务性能，并将此问题扩展到广告样本。 拟议的研究将尖端网络神经科学方法与社会结合 认知衰老，以促进我们对健康衰老和AD的理解。最终，这个 项目将有助于确定干预的新目标，以减缓AD的发展。