Cohort Differences in Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Education Effects and Sex Differences

认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症的队列差异：教育影响和性别差异

• 批准号: 10341121
• 负责人: Liying Luo
• 金额: $ 16.05万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-15 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10341121
• 关键词: Age; Alzheimer disease prevention; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Area; Award; Baby Booms; Biological Factors; Biosocial; Birth; Characteristics; Cognition; Cognitive; Cohort Analysis; Cohort Effect; Data; Data Analyses; Dementia; Demographer; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Education; Funding; Future; Goals; Health and Retirement Study; Heterogeneity; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Information Distribution; Investigation; Life Cycle Stages; Longitudinal cohort; Longitudinal cohort study; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Periodicals; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Respondent; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Sex Differences; Social Processes; Time; Training; Variant; Woman; age related; aging population; analytical tool; base; career; cognitive development; cohort; experience; improved; innovation; insight; interdisciplinary collaboration; longitudinal dataset; men; novel; protective factors; sex; social; social factors; trend

Project Summary The prevalence rates of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) is projected to rise as the population ages, but the trends may be altered by the demographic process of cohort replacement. Determining the relative contribution of population aging, periodical shift, and cohort process to the overall trend is thus critical for accurate estimation and projection of the prevalence and incidence rates of cognitive impairment and ADRD. However, the field lacks a valid method for assessing the unique effects of cohort membership. The major goal of the proposed research is to develop a novel method and analyze multi-cohort longitudinal datasets to identify cohort variations and sex differences in cognitive impairment and ADRD and how education effects vary between cohorts and sex groups. Aim 1 is to develop a much-needed age-period-cohort model to accurately and reliably estimate cohort differences in cognitive impairment and ADRD. Aim 2 is to determine sex differences in cognitive impairment and ADRD between and within cohorts. The proposed investigation in Aim 2 will help identify a set of risk and protective factors separately for men and women. Aim 3 is to elucidate the degree to which education effects on cognition and ADRD may differ between birth cohorts and between men and women. The proposed research in Aim 3 will provide important clues about how education may interact with age-related changes in cognitive and non-cognitive processes to delay the onset and development of ADRD. The project is innovative in that the methodological development can produce reliable and efficient estimates of cohort-related variations. The estimation accuracy of cohort effects on cognition and ADRD is further improved by leveraging multiple longitudinal cohort studies and by borrowing distribution information for small samples. The proposed research will also analyze two longitudinal datasets for the Baby Boom cohorts to assess their life-course pathways to cognitive impairment and ADRD. The PI has expertise in cohort analysis and demographic process. The co-I is a neuroscientist and specialized in the areas of ADRD-related biosocial factors. The project's interdisciplinary team has necessary methodological and substantive areas of expertise and is thus ideally positioned to accomplish Aims 1-3.

项目摘要 认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆（ADRD）的患病率为 预计随着人口老龄化，这一趋势将上升，但这一趋势可能会因人口老龄化进程而改变。 队列替换。确定人口老龄化、周期性转移和队列的相对贡献 因此，对总体趋势的处理对于准确估计和预测患病率至关重要， 认知障碍和ADRD的发生率。然而，该领域缺乏有效的评估方法， 群体成员的独特影响。这项研究的主要目标是开发一种新的 方法并分析多队列纵向数据集，以识别队列变化和性别差异 认知障碍和ADRD以及教育效果如何在队列和性别组之间变化。要求1 是开发一个急需的年龄-时期-队列模型，以准确可靠地估计队列差异 认知障碍和ADRD。目的2是确定认知障碍的性别差异， 队列之间和队列内的ADRD。目标2中拟议的调查将有助于确定一系列风险， 男性和女性的保护因素分别。目标3是阐明教育在多大程度上 对认知和ADRD的影响可能在出生队列和男性与女性之间存在差异。的 目标3中提出的研究将为教育如何与年龄相关因素相互作用提供重要线索。 认知和非认知过程的变化，以延迟ADRD的发作和发展。 该项目的创新之处在于方法的发展可以产生可靠和有效的 群体相关变异的估计。认知和ADRD的队列效应的估计精度为 通过利用多个纵向队列研究和借用分布信息， 对于小样本。拟议的研究还将分析婴儿潮的两个纵向数据集 队列，以评估其认知障碍和ADRD的生命过程途径。 PI具有队列分析和人口统计学过程的专业知识。首席信息官是一位神经科学家， 专门研究ADRD相关的生物社会因素。该项目的跨学科团队 在方法和实质性领域都有必要的专门知识，因此， 目标1-3。