The Tobacco and Cannabis Retail Environment, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Adolescent Vaping

烟草和大麻零售环境、社区劣势和青少年吸电子烟

• 批准号: 10641556
• 负责人: Alyssa Fitzpatrick Harlow
• 金额: $ 18.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10641556
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Age; Area; Award; California; Cannabis; Cannabis policy; Cannabis retail; Censuses; Characteristics; Cigarette; Cohort Studies; Data; Data Sources; Data Store; Dependence; Development; Dimensions; Disadvantaged; Disease; Disparity; Education; Electronic cigarette; Environment; Epidemiologic Methods; Exposure to; Foundations; Funding; Geography; Goals; Grant; High School Student; Home; Income; Individual; Joints; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Laws; Licensing; Location; Marijuana Smoking; Marketing; Measures; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Neighborhoods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Policies; Policy Maker; Population Heterogeneity; Price; Prospective cohort; Prospective, cohort study; Public Health; Registries; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Sales; Schools; Science; Scientist; Secure; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Surveys; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; Vaporizer; Variant; Work; Writing; Youth; addiction; adolescent health; career; cohort; density; deprivation; falls; high school; indexing; marginalization; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; marijuana vaping; meetings; neighborhood disadvantage; nicotine use; non-compliance; prevent; public policy on tobacco; research data dissemination; respiratory; secondary analysis; skills; socioeconomic disadvantage; spatial integration; vaping; vaping nicotine

PROJECT SUMMARY There is a growing marketplace for e-cigarettes and legal cannabis vaping products that appeal to adolescents. Adolescent nicotine and cannabis vaping is prevalent, co-use of nicotine and cannabis vaping is common, and many youth purchase vaping products from physical retailers (e.g., vape shops and dispensaries). Greater density of tobacco and cannabis retailers around adolescents’ homes and schools may influence youth vaping initiation and dependence via increased access and exposure to marketing. Nicotine and cannabis vaping are intertwined, and the tobacco retail environment may influence youth cannabis vaping, and vice-versa. However, few studies have examined the effect of retailer density on youth nicotine and cannabis vaping, including whether tobacco retail density influences cannabis vaping, and whether cannabis dispensary density influences nicotine vaping. Data are also lacking on whether the impact of retailer density on youth cannabis and nicotine vaping is disproportionately higher among those living in disadvantaged neighborhoods, leading to disparities in cannabis and tobacco use. The goal of this Mentored Research Scientist Career Development Award is to investigate the impact of the tobacco and cannabis retail environment and neighborhood disadvantage on adolescent nicotine and cannabis vaping, and to provide new training to prepare me for a career as an independent investigator with a focus on tobacco and cannabis regulatory science, and the ability to secure R01-level funding. I will use four years of data from an ongoing prospective cohort study of high school students in Southern CA (N~4,000), alongside data on licensed and unlicensed tobacco retailers and cannabis dispensaries, and census-block measures of neighborhood disadvantage to evaluate the project aims: (Aim 1) to examine the association of tobacco retailer and cannabis dispensary density with adolescent nicotine and cannabis vaping; (Aim 2) to assess the moderating role of individual- and neighborhood-disadvantage on the association of tobacco retailer and cannabis dispensary density with adolescent nicotine and cannabis vaping; and (Aim 3) to collect new data through in-depth store observations in a geographic subsample to identify specific store characteristics (e.g., marketing, minimum-age verification, product availability) that contribute to adolescent nicotine and cannabis vaping. Findings will provide critically needed information to policymakers considering new regulations that protect the public health of youth. This work will also inform future research on additional dimensions of tobacco and cannabis policies (e.g., home deliveries, pricing) and their impact on youth tobacco and cannabis use on a national level. This K01 leverages my existing expertise and addresses critical gaps in my training by providing new training in: 1) cannabis regulatory science; 2) socioecological determinants of youth tobacco and cannabis use; and 3) spatial analysis. I have worked closely with my mentors (selected based on their expertise in each training area) to develop an ambitious but feasible training plan that incorporates expert mentoring, coursework and seminars, scientific meetings, and continued development of grant writing and research dissemination skills.

项目概要 吸引青少年的电子烟和合法大麻电子烟产品的市场不断增长。 青少年吸尼古丁和大麻电子烟很普遍，同时使用尼古丁和大麻电子烟很常见，并且 许多年轻人从实体零售商（例如电子烟商店和药房）购买电子烟产品。更大 青少年家庭和学校周围烟草和大麻零售商的密度可能会影响青少年吸电子烟 通过增加对营销的接触和接触来启动和依赖。尼古丁和大麻电子烟是 相互交织，烟草零售环境可能会影响青少年吸食大麻，反之亦然。然而， 很少有研究探讨零售商密度对青少年尼古丁和大麻电子烟的影响，包括是否 烟草零售密度影响大麻电子烟，以及大麻药房密度是否影响尼古丁 吸电子烟。还缺乏关于零售商密度对青少年吸食大麻和尼古丁电子烟是否有影响的数据。 生活在贫困社区的人比例更高，导致大麻的差异 和烟草的使用。该导师研究科学家职业发展奖的目标是调查 烟草和大麻零售环境和邻里劣势对青少年尼古丁的影响 和大麻电子烟，并提供新的培训，让我为独立调查员的职业生涯做好准备 重点关注烟草和大麻监管科学，以及获得 R01 级资金的能力。我会用四个 来自加州南部高中生（N~4,000）正在进行的前瞻性队列研究的多年数据， 以及有关有执照和无执照的烟草零售商和大麻药房以及人口普查区块的数据 评估项目目标的邻里劣势措施：（目标 1）检查 青少年吸食尼古丁和大麻电子烟的烟草零售商和大麻药房密度； （目标 2） 评估个人和社区劣势对烟草零售商关联的调节作用 青少年吸食尼古丁和大麻的大麻药房密度；以及（目标 3）收集新数据 通过对地理子样本进行深入的商店观察来识别特定的商店特征（例如， 营销、最低年龄验证、产品供应），这些因素都会导致青少年尼古丁和大麻的增加 吸电子烟。调查结果将为考虑新法规的政策制定者提供急需的信息 保护青少年的公共卫生。这项工作还将为未来关于烟草其他方面的研究提供信息 和大麻政策（例如送货上门、定价）及其对青少年烟草和大麻使用的影响 国家级。 K01 利用了我现有的专业知识，通过提供以下内容来解决我的培训中的关键差距： 新培训：1）大麻监管科学； 2) 青少年烟草和大麻的社会生态决定因素 使用; 3）空间分析。我与我的导师密切合作（根据他们在各个领域的专业知识进行选择） 培训领域）制定雄心勃勃但可行的培训计划，其中包括专家指导、课程作业 研讨会、科学会议以及持续发展拨款写作和研究传播技能。