The role of adverse community-level policing exposure on disparities in Alzheimer's disease related dementias and deleterious multidimensional aging

项目总结/摘要 减少美国黑人和拉丁裔老年人阿尔茨海默病相关痴呆（ADRD）的种族差异 对于成年人来说，至关重要的是要检查整个生命过程中发生的健康的关键结构性决定因素，如 结构性种族主义然而，有限的研究探讨了结构性种族主义的一个突出组成部分，即不利的 社区一级的警务（CLP），黑人和拉丁裔/a/o老年人一直在各地遇到 从早年历史上警察批准的私刑，到警察参与的杀戮，逮捕， 和监禁黑人和拉丁裔/a/o人在中年。国家老年健康研究所 差异研究框架将政治因素确定为老龄化研究的优先领域，但最小 对这个决定因素进行了研究。在这项研究中，我将填补主要空白，了解不利的CLP 暴露增加了痴呆、认知能力下降、加速衰老和心理健康不良的风险。 黑人和拉丁裔老年人的健康。具体的研究目的是研究以下几个方面： 健康与退休研究中的黑人和拉丁裔/a/o参与者：目的1）估计 20年以上中年不良CLP暴露伴抑郁症状和主观认知功能 从1994年《暴力犯罪控制和执法法》开始实施。目标2）探索 早期生活中不良CLP暴露与痴呆事件和加速生物学效应关系 50岁以后。目的3）比较早期和中期不良CLP暴露对客观测量的 晚年的记忆力这些目标为探索干预措施的R 01应用奠定了基础 从不利的CLP暴露到ADRD的途径。巴黎·阿德金斯-杰克逊博士的长期职业目标是 成为一名独立的调查员，领导研究，解释结构决定因素的作用，如 结构性种族主义对ADRD和多维老龄化的历史边缘化群体，如黑人和 拉丁裔/a/o社区。她寻求K 01指导研究科学家发展奖，以获得关键的 内容领域的知识ADRD，认知功能和生物老化，以补充她的专业知识， 结构性种族主义和心理健康，这将导致一个独立资助的研究计划。她 职业发展计划包括ADRD、认知功能和 生物老化，以及ADRD差异研究的领导地位。此培训将在丰富的环境中进行， 哥伦比亚大学，包括梅尔曼公共卫生学院和格特鲁德H。谢尔盖夫斯基中心在 哥伦比亚大学欧文医学中心。阿德金斯-杰克逊博士将接受经验丰富的 团队在ADRD、认知功能、生物老化和 他们中的许多人撰写了关于结构性种族主义和ADRD差距的开创性文献。 在这项工作的基础上，本研究确定了一个可能导致 神经退化和有害老化。

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT To reduce racial disparities in Alzheimer’s disease related dementias (ADRD) for US Black and Latinx/a/o older adults, it is crucial to examine key structural determinants of health that occur across the life course, like structural racism. However, limited research explores a prominent component of structural racism, adverse community-level policing (CLP), that Black and Latinx/a/o older adults have consistently encountered across the life course from historical police-sanctioned lynchings during early life, to police-involved killings, arrests, and incarcerations of Black and Latinx/a/o persons during midlife. The National Institute of Aging’s Health Disparities Research Framework identifies political factors as a priority area of research on aging, yet minimal research exists on this determinant. In this study, I will fill major gaps in understanding how adverse CLP exposure increases risk for incident dementia, cognitive decline, accelerated aging, and poor psychological health for Black and Latinx/a/o older adults. The specific research aims are to examine the following among Black and Latinx/a/o participants in the Health and Retirement Study: Aim 1) Estimate the association between midlife adverse CLP exposure with depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive function over a 20-year period starting from the onset of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Aim 2) Explore the relationship between early life adverse CLP exposure with incident dementia and accelerated biological age after 50. Aim 3) Compare the effects of early and midlife adverse CLP exposure on objectively measured memory performance in late life. These aims lay the groundwork for a R01 application exploring interventions to the pathway from adverse CLP exposure to ADRD. Dr. Paris Adkins-Jackson’s long-term career goal is to become an independent investigator that leads research that explicates the role of structural determinants like structural racism on ADRD and multidimensional aging for historically marginalized groups like Black and Latinx/a/o communities. She seeks a K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award to obtain critical content area knowledge on ADRD, cognitive function, and biological aging to complement her expertise in structural racism and psychological health, which will lead to an independently funded research program. Her career development plan includes didactic courses and mentored research in ADRD, cognitive function, and biological aging, and leadership in ADRD disparities research. This training will occur in the rich environment at Columbia University, including the Mailman School of Public Health and the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. Dr. Adkins-Jackson will receive guidance from an experienced team with a strong track record of mentoring and funding in ADRD, cognitive function, biological aging, and adverse CLP exposure—many of whom wrote seminal literature on structural racism and ADRD disparities. Building on such work, this study determines the magnitude of a modifiable factor that may lead to neurodegeneration and harmful aging.