SMART Cancer Care Teams: Enhancing EHR Communication to Improve Interprofessional Teamwork

智能癌症护理团队：加强 EHR 沟通以改善专业间团队合作

• 批准号: 10650869
• 负责人: Kwan-Liu Ma
• 金额: $ 64.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10650869
• 关键词: Academy; Accident and Emergency department; Address; Affect; Aftercare; Algorithms; Breast; Cancer Patient; Caregivers; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Clinical; Cognition; Colorectal; Combined Modality Therapy; Communication; Data; Decision Making; Dimensions; Discipline; Electronic Health Record; Emergency department visit; Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources; Focus Groups; Future; Goals; Health Professional; Healthcare; Hospitalization; Information Management; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Interview; Knowledge; Machine Learning; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Medicare; Medicine; Methods; Modeling; National Cancer Institute; National Research Council; Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Patient Care; Patient-Centered Care; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Patients; Performance; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Quality of Care; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Risk Reduction; Role; Site; Social Network; Structure; System; Systems Theory; Technology; Treatment Protocols; United States; Visual; Visualization; Work; aging population; analytical tool; beneficiary; cancer care; cancer diagnosis; cancer therapy; care systems; comorbidity; cost; design; digital; effectiveness evaluation; graph neural network; health care delivery; improved; information processing; innovation; interest; mortality; novel; prototype; social health determinants; theories; time use; tool

ABSTRACT Cancer continues to rank as the second leading cause of mortality in the US, with 1.8 million projected new cancer cases in 2020, and 606,520 cancer deaths. The National Academy of Medicine described a cancer care system in crisis, with interprofessional (IP) teamwork and coordination largely the exception rather than the rule. The National Cancer Institute prioritized the need to improve IP team-based cancer care. Aligned with these priorities, the overall goal of our research is to determine how IP teamwork affects quality outcomes and develop tools to improve teamwork in cancer care. The multiteam system (MTS) perspective offers a theoretical framework to examine IP work among multiple groups of healthcare professionals (HCPs). We propose to leverage social network analysis and machine learning (ML)-assisted visual analytics to extend our preliminary studies to examining theory-informed, targeted Electronic Health Record (EHR) network structures at three study sites that all use Epic. Our research centers on one modifiable dimension of team communication, information sharing through EHRs, with these aims: Aim 1: Develop new measures of within- and between-group EHR communication in cancer care MTSs. Aim 2: Determine the associations of targeted EHR communication structures with cancer care quality outcomes, specifically potentially preventable ED visits and unplanned hospitalizations. Aim 3: Develop ML-assisted visual analytics and prototype tools to (a) characterize MTSs, and (b) predict patients with EHR communication structures associated with poor quality outcomes. We will extract EHR data of patients with stage II or III breast, colorectal, and non-small cell lung cancer at three study sites (N=2,746). For each patient, using time-stamped EHR access-log data, we will construct a weighted communication network of her/his cancer care MTS to measure within- and between-group communication scores. We will apply zero-inflated Poisson models to analyze the associations of targetd EHR network structures with quality outcomes, controlling for medical complexity and social determinants of health. Leveraging Aim 2 results, and to lay the critical groundwork for Aim 3, we will conduct interviews and focus groups with HCPs, patients, and caregivers (N=90), to gain a more in-depth understanding of EHR communication structures. We will apply and extend graph neural networks (GNN) to predict patients who have EHR communication structures associated with poor outcomes as well as provide the reasoning behind the prediction. Furthermore, we will develop an algorithm to recommend potential communication structure changes that significantly reduce risk. This study addresses the National Research Council report underscoring the central role of visual analytics to support cognition, decision-making, and workflow optimization in healthcare. In a subsequent study, we will evaluate the effectiveness of ML-assisted visual analytics tools at improving patient outcomes and reducing costs.

抽象的 癌症仍然是美国第二大死亡原因，预计 2020 年将新增 180 万癌症病例，并有 606,520 人因癌症死亡。美国国家医学院描述了一个处于危机中的癌症护理系统，跨专业 (IP) 团队合作和协调在很大程度上是例外而不是规则。 美国国家癌症研究所优先考虑改善基于 IP 团队的癌症护理的需要。与这些对齐 优先事项，我们研究的总体目标是确定知识产权团队合作如何影响质量成果并开发 改善癌症护理团队合作的工具。多团队系统 (MTS) 视角提供了一个理论框架来检查多个医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 群体之间的知识产权工作。我们建议利用社交网络分析和机器 学习 (ML) 辅助的视觉分析将我们的初步研究扩展到检查三个研究地点的基于理论的、有针对性的电子健康记录 (EHR) 网络结构，这些研究地点都使用 Epic。我们的研究集中在团队沟通、通过 EHR 共享信息的一个可修改维度上，目标如下： 目标 1：制定癌症护理 MTS 中​​组内和组间 EHR 沟通的新措施。目标 2：确定有针对性的 EHR 沟通结构与癌症护理质量结果的关联，特别是潜在可预防的急诊就诊和计划外住院。目标 3：开发 ML 辅助视觉分析和原型工具，以 (a) 表征 MTS，以及 (b) 预测具有与不良结果质量相关的 EHR 通信结构的患者。我们将提取三个研究中心的 II 期或 III 期乳腺癌、结直肠癌和非小细胞肺癌患者的 EHR 数据 (N=2,746)。对于每位患者，我们将使用带时间戳的 EHR 访问日志数据构建她/他的癌症护理 MTS 的加权通信网络，以测量组内和组间的通信评分。我们将应用零膨胀泊松模型来分析目标 EHR 网络结构与质量结果的关联，控制医疗复杂性和健康的社会决定因素。利用目标 2 的结果，并为目标 3 奠定关键基础，我们将与 HCP、患者和护理人员 (N=90) 进行访谈和焦点小组讨论，以更深入地了解 EHR 沟通结构。我们将应用和扩展图神经网络 (GNN) 来预测具有与不良结果相关的 EHR 通信结构的患者，并提供预测背后的推理。此外，我们将开发一种算法来建议潜在的通信结构变化，从而显着降低风险。这项研究针对国家研究委员会的报告，强调了视觉分析在支持医疗保健领域的认知、决策和工作流程优化方面的核心作用。在后续研究中，我们将评估机器学习辅助视觉分析工具在改善患者治疗结果和降低成本方面的有效性。