Sleep among adolescents involved in the justice system

参与司法系统的青少年的睡眠情况

• 批准号: 10665920
• 负责人: Jessica C Levenson
• 金额: $ 19.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10665920
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Aggressive behavior; Behavior; Behavioral; Black race; Caregivers; Caring; Charge; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Coupled; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Drops; Emotional; Equity; Event; Family; Future; Health; Health Personnel; Human Resources; Imprisonment; Improve Access; Impulsivity; Individual; Inequity; Intervention; Interview; Justice; Learning; Literature; Mental Health; Mental Health Services; Mental disorders; Methods; Moods; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Outcome; Parents; Play; Population; Professional counselor; Protocols documentation; Provider; Psychopathology; Race; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resources; Sampling; Services; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Sleeplessness; Social Identification; Social Interaction; Strategic Planning; Supervision; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Translations; Trauma; Underserved Population; United States; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; actigraphy; adverse childhood events; adverse outcome; data cleaning; diaries; emotion regulation; evidence base; experience; high risk; high school; implementation intervention; improved; improvement on sleep; inattention; juvenile justice system; low socioeconomic status; marginalization; marginalized population; member; minority children; novel; poor sleep; probation; programs; racial disparity; racial minority; racial minority population; racism; skills; sleep pattern; sleep quality; sleep-focused interventions; social; suicidal

Abstract Juvenile justice-involved youth (JJIY), primarily adolescents ages 13-17, are a complex and highly vulnerable population who have high rates of psychiatric disorders, suicidality, trauma, and lower socioeconomic status. Minoritized youth (by race) are disproportionately represented among JJIY. Though the need for mental health services is pervasive among this population, only 20-25% of JJIY receive mental health treatment while involved in the juvenile justice system, with even lower rates among racial minorities. All of these factors are associated with poor sleep; further, poor sleep quality and insomnia are widespread among incarcerated adults. Yet, there has not been a systematic study of the sleep of JJIY, the correlates of sleep in this population, nor the options for implementing evidence-based sleep-focused treatments in various juvenile justice system settings. This is a critical gap in the literature, especially because sleep promotion is associated with reduced psychopathology. We propose a descriptive, mixed-methods study to 1) examine the nature and correlates of sleep among JJIY; 2) identify points of intervention in the juvenile justice system where sleep treatment can be delivered, personnel who can deliver it, and the resources needed to do so; and 3) identify strategies for effective translation and implementation of evidence-based sleep-focused interventions in system settings. We will conduct a cross- sectional survey of JJIY (13-17y; n=25 in residential placement, n=75 under community supervision, reflecting national rates). Youth will complete a daily sleep diary and a subset (n=40) wear actigraphy for 10 days. Parents and adult caregivers will be invited to complete a complementary survey (n=100). To obtain further information, we will invite 20 of the full sample of 100 youth to participate in one-on-one qualitative interviews. We focus on ages 13-17 given the rapid and interacting changes in sleep, emotion regulation, and behavioral regulation during this period. We will also conduct qualitative interviews with 20 individuals working in the juvenile justice system (residential counselors, probation officers, healthcare providers). Survey data will be preliminarily analyzed to inform the interviews. Then, in Year 2 we will conduct and analyze the interviews using Rapid Qualitative Inquiry, and we will conduct quantitative data cleaning and full analysis. We will rely on stakeholder-engaged research, which values community members as equitable research partners and may result in more sustainable and effective programs by tailoring the program to the community context. This work aligns with the NIMH Strategic Plan Objective 4.3: to conduct research that optimizes and improves access to existing programs that improve mental health services for underserved populations. This R21 will constitute the essential first step in a program of research that will include further developing and adapting existing sleep interventions to target the sleep patterns, problems, and determinants of sleep relevant to JJIY, translating these interventions for implementation in juvenile justice settings, and testing these programs among JJIY in various system settings.

摘要 涉及少年司法的青少年，主要是13-17岁的青少年，是一个复杂和高度脆弱的群体 精神障碍、自杀、精神创伤和社会经济地位较低的人群。 少年团青年(按种族划分)在少年团中所占比例不成比例。尽管对精神健康的需求 服务在这一人群中普遍存在，只有20%-25%的JJIY在参与的过程中接受了心理健康治疗 在少年司法系统中，少数族裔的犯罪率甚至更低。所有这些因素都是相互关联的。 睡眠质量差；此外，睡眠质量差和失眠在被监禁的成年人中很普遍。然而，在那里 没有系统地研究JJIY的睡眠，这一人群中睡眠的相关性，也没有选择 在不同的青少年司法系统环境中实施以证据为基础的睡眠治疗。这是一个 文献中的关键差距，特别是因为促进睡眠与减少精神病理有关。 我们提出了一种描述性的混合方法研究，以1)检验JJIY中睡眠的性质及其相关性； 2)确定青少年司法系统中可提供睡眠治疗的干预点，工作人员 谁可以提供它，以及这样做所需的资源；以及3)确定有效翻译和 在系统环境中实施以证据为基础的睡眠干预措施。我们将进行一次交叉- JJIY(13-17岁；安置25人，社区监督75人)横断面调查，反映 全国费率)。青年将完成每天的睡眠日记和一个小组(n=40)佩戴10天的运动记录仪。家长 成人照顾者将被邀请完成一项补充调查(n=100)。为了获得更多信息， 我们将邀请100名青年中的20名参加一对一的定性访谈。我们专注于 13-17岁，在睡眠、情绪调节和行为调节方面的快速和相互作用的变化 这段时间。我们还将对20名在少年司法系统工作的人进行定性访谈 (住宿辅导员、缓刑监督官、医疗保健提供者)。调查数据将进行初步分析，以 通知面试情况。然后，在第二年，我们将使用快速定性调查进行采访和分析， 我们将进行量化数据清理和充分分析。我们将依靠利益相关者参与的研究， 它将社区成员视为公平的研究伙伴，并可能导致更可持续和 通过根据社区背景量身定做计划来实现有效计划。这项工作与NIMH战略相一致 计划目标4.3：开展研究，以优化和改善对现有计划的访问 为服务不足的人群提供心理健康服务。此R21将构成计划中必不可少的第一步 研究将包括进一步开发和调整现有的睡眠干预措施，以针对睡眠 与JJIY相关的睡眠模式、问题和决定因素，将这些干预措施转化为实施 在青少年司法环境中，并在JJIY中测试这些程序在各种系统设置中。