Uncovering the Internal Representation of Actions in Posterior Parietal Cortex

揭示后顶叶皮层动作的内部表征

• 批准号: 10629423
• 负责人: Whitney Scott Griggs
• 金额: $ 2.78万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10629423
• 关键词: Anatomy; Animals; Anterior; Apraxias; Area; Ataxia; Bilateral; Brain region; Complex; Cues; Data; Doctor of Philosophy; Electrophysiology (science); Exhibits; Eye; Fingers; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Hand; Human; Image; Knowledge; Lesion; Link; Liquid substance; Location; Macaca mulatta; Maps; Measures; Mentorship; Methods; Motor; Movement; Music; Nervous System Trauma; Neurons; Optics; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pathology; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Physicians; Play; Population; Probability; Quality of life; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Rewards; Role; Saccades; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Specific qualifier value; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Validation; Visual; Visual Motor Coordinations; cerebral hemodynamics; clinical application; cortex mapping; environmental change; hemodynamics; in vivo; innovation; lateral intraparietal area; meter; motor disorder; multisensory; negative affect; nervous system disorder; neural; neuroimaging; neuronal circuitry; neurovascular coupling; nonhuman primate; novel; oculomotor; response; skills; spatiotemporal; temporal measurement; ultrasound; ventral intraparietal area; visual motor

PROJECT SUMMARY Neurological injuries and diseases negatively affect quality of life for millions of people in the US. In particular, damage to the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) causes various visual and oculomotor pathologies, including optic ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, and simultagnosia. Nonhuman primate and human studies have elucidated how PPC integrates visual and motor information to plan and execute movement decisions. However, much still remains unknown about how and where PPC represents future decisions and actions. In this proposal, we will use two complementary techniques, functional ultrasound neuroimaging (fUS) and electrophysiology, to explore how PPC represents decision and motor variables. These variables include movement effector, target location, and action desirability. To date, neural recording techniques have sacrificed spatial and temporal resolution for field of view or vice-versa. Now, fUS is available as an innovative neuroimaging technique that measures cerebral hemodynamics with exceptional spatiotemporal resolution (<100 µm; ~100 ms) and a large field of view (several cm) – specifications ideally suited to recording detailed activity of entire cortical regions in parallel. In addition, we will use electrophysiology, the gold standard for neuronal recordings, to verify fUS findings at the single-neuron level. In Specific Aim 1, we will investigate the anatomical organization of movement location in PPC by recording fUS data as rhesus macaques complete eye and hand movements to visual targets. This will provide a detailed cortical map of response fields in PPC according to effector and movement location. In Specific Aim 2, we will identify how and where decision variables (effort and reward) are encoded in PPC. Like Specific Aim 1, we will record fUS data while animals perform eye and hand movements, but we will also vary reward and effort by independently changing the liquid reward amount and required accuracy (i.e. effort) for each movement. In Specific Aim 3, we will investigate the link between cerebral hemodynamics and the underlying neural activity through simultaneous fUS and broad-band electrophysiology (single-unit, multi-unit, and LFP). We will use these data to 1) validate our fUS findings and 2) explore interesting patches of activity at the single neuron level. If successful, this contribution will further validate fUS as a robust and accessible neuroimaging technique for future research and clinical applications where electrophysiology is difficult to attain and/or scale. Together, these Specific Aims will elucidate where motor and decision variables are encoded in PPC from the micro-scale (electrophysiology) to the meso-scale (fUS). By understanding the neuronal circuits influencing visual-motor decisions, we can better understand visual-motor disorders, e.g. optic ataxia and oculomotor apraxia. This project will be conducted through the UCLA-Caltech MSTP under the mentorship of Drs. Andersen and Shapiro. The described research will form the basis of my PhD thesis and instill the skills for me to become an accomplished physician scientist.

项目摘要 神经损伤和疾病对美国成千上万人的生活质量产生负面影响。尤其， 后顶叶皮层（PPC）损害造成各种视觉和动眼病理，包括 视神病，眼动作失调和同时。非人类灵长类动物和人类研究已经阐明 PPC如何集成视觉和电机信息以计划和执行运动决策。但是，很多 对于PPC代表未来的决策和行动，仍然未知。在这个 提案，我们将使用两种完整的技术，功能性超声神经影像（FUS）和 电生理学，探讨PPC如何代表决策和运动变量。这些变量包括 运动效应子，目标位置和行动期望。迄今为止，神经记录技术已经牺牲了 视野或反之亦然的空间和临时分辨率。现在，FUS可以作为创新 具有特殊时空分辨率的脑血液动力学测量的神经影像学技术 （<<100 µm; 〜100 ms）和大量视野（几厘米） - 规格非常适合记录细节 并联整个皮质区域的活性。此外，我们将使用电生理学，这是 神经元记录，以验证单神经元水平的FUS发现。在特定目标1中，我们将调查 通过记录FUS数据，将FUS数据记录为猕猴的完整，对PPC中运动位置的解剖组织组织 眼睛和手动移动到视觉目标。这将提供PPC中响应场的详细皮质图 在特定目标2中，我们将确定如何以及在哪里决定 变量（努力和奖励）在PPC中编码。像特定的目标1一样，我们将在动物时记录FUS数据 执行眼睛和手动运动，但我们还将通过独立改变液体来改变奖励和努力 每种运动的奖励金额和所需的准确性（即努力）。在特定目标3中，我们将调查 通过同时FUS和 宽带电生理学（单单元，多单元和LFP）。我们将使用这些数据到1）验证我们的FUS 发现和2）在单个神经元水平上探索有趣的活动斑块。如果成功，这项贡献 将进一步验证FUS作为一种可及可访问的神经影像学技术，用于未来的研究和临床 电生理学难以获得和/或尺度的应用。这些具体目标将在一起 阐明在PPC中从微尺度（电生理学）到PPC中编码的电动机和决策变量的位置 中尺度（FUS）。通过了解影响视觉运动决策的神经元电路，我们可以更好 了解视觉运动障碍，例如视性共济失调和动眼失调。这个项目将进行 通过DRS的指导，通过UCLA-Caltech MSTP。安德森和夏皮罗。所描述的研究 将构成我的博士学位论文的基础，并灌输我成为一名有成就的身体科学家的技能。