Early-life Exposure to Secondhand Smoke and Childhood Obesity

二手烟是一种常见的早期生活暴露，可能会导致未来的肥胖风险。 流行病学研究一直报告产前或产后接触之间的正相关 二手烟与儿童肥胖的关系。然而，很少有研究试图解开 产前和产后暴露的影响，或已纳入烟草特定的暴露生物标志物。 此外，二手烟与肥胖之间的联系机制尚不清楚。目标 这个项目的目的是探索以前观察到的关联的时间和机制， 暴露于二手烟和肥胖，掺入4-（甲基亚硝胺）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁醇 （NNAL），一种新的，可能更准确的暴露指标。了解何时以及如何暴露 二手烟对肥胖风险的影响可能会为新的公共卫生战略提供信息， 戒烟和预防肥胖。 在该奖项的培训阶段，摩尔博士将使用教学指导，个别辅导 培训和独立研究，以发展三个内容领域的专业知识：1）二手烟暴露 评估; 2）营养流行病学; 3）先进的统计方法。本培训将应用于 一个研究项目，将利用资源和基础设施的一个正在进行的，纵向队列的1410 母子配对（健康的开始，R 01 DK 076648，PI：Dabelea），最近被纳入 环境对儿童健康结局的影响（ECHO）联盟（1UG 3 OD 023248 -01; PI：Dabelea）。 她将研究产前和产后接触二手烟与反复吸烟之间的关系。 从出生到5岁的肥胖测量（目标1）。在这个奖项的独立阶段，摩尔博士将 通过使用NNAL来确定二手烟暴露的特征，验证目标1产生的数据。她将 然后探索二手烟与肥胖的关联在多大程度上是由氧化应激介导的 和炎症或通过早期营养和社会经济地位进行调整（目标3）。 摩尔博士是装备精良，以执行这项研究的基础上：1）她的研究背景， 兴趣调查暴露于环境化学品对儿童肥胖的影响; 2）她的访问 到独特的，特征鲜明的健康开始队列，这将允许深入探索的时间 和机制的二手烟肥胖协会;和3）她获得广泛的资源， 由她的导师团队和机构提供。拟议的研究和培训计划将为她做好准备， 一个独立的职业研究环境暴露对儿童代谢紊乱的影响。

Secondhand smoke is a common early-life exposure that may contribute to future risk for obesity. Epidemiologic studies have consistently reported positive associations between prenatal or postnatal exposure to secondhand smoke with childhood obesity. However, very few studies have attempted to disentangle the effects of prenatal and postnatal exposures or have incorporated a tobacco-specific biomarker of exposure. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the secondhand smoke-obesity associations are unknown. The goal of this project is to explore the timing and mechanisms of the previously observed associations between exposure to secondhand smoke and obesity, incorporating 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a novel and potentially more accurate indicator of exposure. Understanding when and how exposure to secondhand smoke impacts obesity risk may inform new public health strategies with potential relevance for both smoking cessation and obesity prevention. During the training phase of this award, Dr. Moore will use didactic instruction, individually mentored training, and independent study to develop expertise in three content areas: 1) secondhand smoke exposure assessment; 2) nutritional epidemiology; and 3) advanced statistical methods. This training will be applied to a research project that will leverage the resources and infrastructure of an ongoing, longitudinal cohort of 1,410 mother-child pairs (Healthy Start, R01DK076648, PI: Dabelea), which was recently included in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) consortium (1UG3OD023248-01; PI: Dabelea). She will examine the association of prenatal and postnatal exposures to secondhand smoke with repeated measures of adiposity from birth to 5 years (Aim 1). During the independent phase of this award, Dr. Moore will validate the data yielded from Aim 1 by using NNAL to characterize exposure to secondhand smoke. She will then explore the extent to which the secondhand smoke-obesity associations are mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation or modified by early-life nutrition and socioeconomic status (Aim 3). Dr. Moore is well-equipped to perform this research based on: 1) her research background and interests investigating the impact of exposures to environmental chemicals on childhood obesity; 2) her access to the unique, well-characterized Healthy Start cohort, which will allow for an in-depth exploration of the timing and mechanisms of the secondhand smoke-obesity associations; and 3) her access to the extensive resources provided by her mentorship team and institution. The proposed research and training plan will prepare her for an independent career examining the impact of environmental exposures on childhood metabolic disorders.