Neurophysiologically Defined Subtypes of ADHD

神经生理学定义的 ADHD 亚型

• 批准号: 10666126
• 负责人: Anne Bernard Arnett
• 金额: $ 7.48万
• 依托单位: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-07 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10666126
• 关键词: 11 year old; 4 year old; Address; Affect; Age; Arousal; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Boston; Child; Cognitive; Colorado; Complex; Dependence; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Electroencephalogram; Electrophysiology (science); Employment; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Event-Related Potentials; Family history of; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Genetic; Goals; Grant; Heterogeneity; Human Development; Hyperactivity; Imprisonment; Impulsivity; Individual; Infant; Injury; Intervention; Laboratories; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Medical center; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neuropsychology; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Pattern; Pediatric Hospitals; Pharmacology; Phase; Phenotype; Process; Reaction Time; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; School-Age Population; Short-Term Memory; Stress; Subgroup; Substance abuse problem; Symptoms; Temperament; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Washington; Work; Youth; base; behavior measurement; cognitive ability; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive task; disability; disorder subtype; endophenotype; neural circuit; neurophysiology; precision medicine; prevent; processing speed; prospective; psychiatric comorbidity; psychiatric symptom; relating to nervous system; sensory stimulus; social; theories; trait

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders among children and is associated with myriad adverse long-term outcomes including incarceration, injury, substance abuse and lower employment rates. Despite advances in pharmacologic and behavioral interventions for ADHD, available treatments do not alter the course of the disorder for the majority of individuals. The proposed project aims to address a significant barrier to ADHD research and treatment, which is the etiological and neurobiological heterogeneity of the disorder. A common theory suggests that disruptions in neural circuitry supporting attention and inhibition may occur at the levels of perceptual orienting, action execution, and/or integration of those two processes. Alternately, recent literature indicates that atypical baseline cortical activation impedes attentive behavior during cognitive tasks. The proposed studies will utilize electrophysiology frequency (EEG) and event related potential (ERP) metrics to test competing latent profile models of homogenous, neurophysiologically-defined subtypes of ADHD in school age and young children. Study 1 (K99) will utilize confirmatory latent profile analysis to identify neurophysiological subtypes of ADHD in 100 affected, 7-11 year old children and 30 healthy controls, and to further characterize the cognitive and psychiatric profiles of the latent classes. Study 2 (R00) will extend the methods to 100 2.5-4 year olds at risk for ADHD, 30 2.5-4 year olds with no risk for ADHD, and an additional independent sample of 60 7-11 year old children with an ADHD diagnosis. The goals of Study 2 are to identify early developmental correlates of the latent classes identified in Study 1, and to replicate the results of Study 1 with an independent and pooled (i.e. Study 1 + Study 2) sample of affected children. The results of the proposed studies will directly inform future research on putative genetic and environmental factors associated with ADHD, and ultimately, development of precision medicine treatment for the disorder. Through the current proposal, the P.I. seeks intensive training in electrophysiology methods and latent class analysis, as well as continued training in developmental cognitive neuroscience. The proposed mechanism will support the P.I. in establishing her own laboratory in year 3, and will allow her to apply for future funding to support a prospective, longitudinal study of infants at-risk for ADHD. The P.I. will accomplish her training goals with the mentorship of a highly qualified team of senior investigators at the University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Boston Children’s Hospital, and the University of Colorado. She plans to execute the K99 research at the Center on Human Development and Disability at the University of Washington Medical Center in Seattle, Washington.

项目摘要/摘要 注意缺陷多动症（ADHD）是最普遍的神经发育之一 儿童中的疾病，与无数不良的长期不良后果有关，包括进化， 伤害，滥用药物和较低的员工费率。尽管药理和行为方面的进步 多动症的干预措施，可用的治疗不会改变大多数疾病的病程 个人。拟议的项目旨在应对多动症研究和治疗的重大障碍，这是 是该疾病的病因和神经生物学异质性。一个共同的理论表明破坏 在神经回路中，支持注意力和抑制可能会在感知方向的水平上发生 这两个过程的执行和/或集成。或者，最近的文献表明非典型 基线皮质激活阻碍了认知任务期间的细心行为。拟议的研究将利用 电生理频率（EEG）和事件相关电位（ERP）指标测试竞争潜在轮廓 在学龄前和幼儿中，ADHD的同质，神经生理定义的亚型的模型。 研究1（K99）将利用确认潜伏分析来识别ADHD的神经生理亚型 100人受影响，7-11岁的儿童和30个健康对照，并进一步描述了认知和 潜在阶级的精神病学概况。研究2（R00）将将方法扩展到有风险的100个2.5-4岁的孩子 对于ADHD，30 2.5-4岁的年轻人没有多动症风险，另外60 7-11岁的独立样本 患有多动症诊断的孩子。研究2的目标是确定早期发展相关性 在研究1中确定的潜在类别，并以独立和合并（即 研究1 +研究2）受影响儿童的样本。拟议研究的结果将直接为未来提供信息 关于与多动症相关的推定遗传和环境因素的研究，并最终开发 精确医学治疗该疾病。 通过当前的提议，P.I。寻求电生理方法和潜在的密集培训 班级分析以及发展性认知神经科学的持续培训。提议 机制将支持P.I.在3年级建立自己的实验室时，将允许她申请 未来的资金以支持对ADHD的婴儿身高的前瞻性纵向研究。 P.I.会成就 她的训练目标是由高素质的高级调查员团队的训练目标 华盛顿，西雅图儿童医院，波士顿儿童医院和科罗拉多大学。她计划 在人类发展与残疾中心执行K99研究 华盛顿西雅图的华盛顿医疗中心。