Brain Mechanisms Underlying Changes in Neural Oscillations through Adolescent Cognitive Maturation

青少年认知成熟导致神经振荡变化的大脑机制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    10675169
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 4.77万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-05-01 至 2026-10-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Project Summary Adolescence is characterized by improvements in executive function, increased plasticity, and the continued refinement of neuronal mechanisms. Importantly, it is also a time when neurobiological mechanisms are actively specializing, where strays from neurotypical development may lead to the emergence of psychopathology. To understand how atypical brain maturation may lead to neuropsychiatric disorders, typical adolescent development needs to be better understood. Previous postmortem human and animal models have shown developmental changes in the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance derived from changes in the excitatory glutamate and inhibitory Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) neurotransmitters. Decreases in the E/I balance have been shown to optimize neural systems supporting cognitive control through the stabilization of gamma oscillations, generated by parvalbumin (PV) GABAergic interneurons and measurable through electroencephalography (EEG). However, there is limited understanding of the developmental changes in the E/I balance and its impact on the neuronal mechanisms characterizing this critical period of development. Thus, this project aims to investigate the shift in the E/I balance, as implicated by developmental changes in the balance of glutamate and GABA, to characterize the neuronal underpinnings of neurotypical adolescent cognitive development. To accomplish this, we will 1) assess developmental changes in neural activity underlying working memory and its association with glutamate and GABA using multimodal neuroimaging techniques, including electroencephalography (EEG), 7T Magnetic Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) (Aim 1), and stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) (Aim 2), and 2) use computational modeling to identify the micro-level neuronal underpinnings of adolescent brain development (Aim 3). During this process, the candidate will gain invaluable knowledge in technical methodologies, such as data collection, analysis, computational modeling, clinical neuroscience, and written and oral communication. This study will advance our understanding of neurotypical adolescent development, which is a critical step towards assessing impaired development that can lead to psychopathology, which predominantly emerges in adolescence (e.g., psychosis, mood disorders, substance use disorders). Altogether, this project will support the ability of the candidate to become an expert bioengineering-psychiatry researcher, integrating engineering principles and developmental cognitive neuroscience that can inform the mental health field.
项目摘要 青春期的特征是执行功能的改善,可塑性的增强,以及持续的 神经机制的改进。重要的是,这也是一个神经生物学机制活跃的时期 专门化,即偏离神经典型发育的地方可能会导致精神病理学的出现。至 了解非典型大脑成熟如何导致神经精神障碍,典型的青少年 需要更好地理解发展。之前的人类和动物尸检模型显示 兴奋性谷氨酸变化引起的兴奋性/抑制性(E/I)平衡的发育变化 和抑制性伽马氨基丁酸(GABA)神经递质。E/I余额的减少是 研究表明,通过稳定伽马振荡来优化支持认知控制的神经系统, 由小白蛋白(PV)GABA能中间神经元产生并可通过脑电测量 (EEG)。然而,人们对E/I平衡的发展变化及其影响的了解有限 关于这一发育的关键时期的神经机制。因此,该项目旨在 研究E/I平衡的变化与E/I平衡的发展变化有关 谷氨酸和GABA,以表征神经典型青少年认知的神经元基础 发展。为了做到这一点,我们将1)评估作为工作基础的神经活动的发育变化 使用多模式神经成像技术的记忆及其与谷氨酸和GABA的关联,包括 脑电(EEG)、7T磁谱成像(MRSI)(AIM 1)和 立体脑电(SEEG)(目标2),和2)使用计算建模来识别微观水平 青少年大脑发育的神经元基础(目标3)。在这个过程中,应聘者将获得 在技术方法方面的宝贵知识,如数据收集、分析、计算建模、 临床神经科学,以及书面和口头交流。这项研究将增进我们对 神经典型青少年发育,这是评估发育受损的关键一步,可以 导致精神病理学,主要出现在青春期(例如,精神病,情绪障碍, 物质使用障碍)。总之,这个项目将支持候选人成为专家的能力 生物工程--整合工程学原理和发展认知的精神病学研究人员 可以为精神健康领域提供信息的神经科学。

项目成果

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REU 网站:青少年发展中的公平数据科学
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