Temperature, shade, and adolescent psychopathology: understanding how place shapes health

温度、阴影和青少年精神病理学：了解地方如何塑造健康

• 批准号: 10678873
• 负责人: KATHERINE MARGARET KEYES
• 金额: $ 61.06万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10678873
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adverse effects; Affect; Air; Area; Biological; Cities; City Planning; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Communities; County; Coupled; Crime; Data; Decision Making; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Economic Conditions; Economics; Environment; Environmental Epidemiology; Future; Genetic Code; Geography; Green space; Health; Health Policy; Health Promotion; High School Student; High temperature of physical object; Home; Human; Incidence; Income; Inequity; Infrastructure; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Investments; Link; Location; Longevity; Los Angeles; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Modeling; Modernization; Natural Source; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Participant; Pathology; Personal Satisfaction; Physical environment; Plants; Policies; Policy Maker; Politics; Population; Psychiatric epidemiology; Psychopathology; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Resolution; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Science; Shapes; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Surface; Symptoms; Techniques; Temperature; Testing; Time; Translating; Trees; Typology; Variant; Work; built environment; climate change; climate-related health; cohort; design; experience; follow-up; high risk; improved; innovation; land use; metropolitan; mortality; neurobiological mechanism; ninth grade; novel; policy implication; population based; population health; protective factors; public health intervention; public health relevance; recruit; remote sensing; resilience; response; social; social epidemiology; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; spatial epidemiology; trait; trend; twelfth grade; urban area; urban planning

Adapting to climate change requires countermeasures that can protect public mental health and community well- being. Cities and states increasingly incorporate population health promotion into urban planning decisions, yet the impacts of such decision decisions on mental health outcomes remain largely unstudied. With respect to climate change cities have significant capacity to help offset the adverse effects of increasing temperatures and enhance community resilience, through altering the design of natural and built environments. However, such decisions require empiric evidence on the health effects of both increasing temperature and offsetting designs to increase shade, particularly given the racial and socioeconomic inequalities in shade access. On a given day, significant spatial variation in temperature can occur within a city or urban region, mostly driven by local differences in shade. Temperature and shade exposure have been linked to psychopathology for centuries, with ample biological plausibility, but few modern studies have provided comprehensive data. We propose to utilize a cohort study of 3,396 high school students, with substantial diversity in race, income, and neighborhood, recruited in 9th grade in 2013 in Los Angeles County, and followed up eight times with <1% attrition at each wave, to innovatively study how intra-city differences in temperature, access to shade, and green space influence the incidence of internalizing and externalizing symptoms and transdiagnostic psychopathological traits. We will link geocoded residential, commuter, and school location information to remotely sensed data and local land use to create high-resolution estimates of neighborhood surface temperatures, tree canopy cover, other built environment sources of shade, and green space of each of the cohort participants. We will also measure neighborhood-level factors known or hypothesized to influence psychopathology risk, including air quality, neighborhood economic conditions, and crime. State-of-the-science confounder control strategies using multi- dimensional g-formula mediated moderation models will generate robust associations. Through these assessments we will construct neighborhood typologies of health risk that include social, environmental, and physical factors. We will: 1) intensively characterize the home and school neighborhoods of >3,000 longitudinally followed adolescents and identify transdiagnostic psychopathological symptoms and trajectories; 2) determine the impact of neighborhood surface temperature, shaded areas, and greenspace on internalizing and externalizing dimensions, transdiagnostic traits; and 3) construct and compare neighborhood typologies of psychopathological risk incorporating physical and social environmental data and novel latent variable techniques. Our research team has extensive expertise in spatial and psychiatric epidemiology and experience in translating science to policy. This work will provide critical missing data on the effects of green infrastructure on psychopathology among adolescents. Such data are needed to support decision-making around urban planning, investment, and climate change mitigation to improve population health for local communities.

适应气候变化需要采取能够很好地保护公众心理健康和社区的对策- 存在城市和州越来越多地将人口健康促进纳入城市规划决策， 这种决策对心理健康结果的影响在很大程度上仍未得到研究。相对于 气候变化城市有很大的能力来帮助抵消气温上升的不利影响， 通过改变自然和建筑环境的设计来增强社区的复原力。但这种 决策需要关于温度升高和抵消设计对健康影响的经验证据 增加阴凉处，特别是考虑到在阴凉处获得的种族和社会经济不平等。在某一天， 在城市或城市区域内，温度可能发生显著的空间变化，主要是由当地的 shade的区别几个世纪以来，温度和阴影暴露与精神病理学有关， 生物相容性很好，但很少有现代研究提供全面的数据。我们建议利用 一项针对3,396名高中生的队列研究，这些学生在种族、收入和社区方面存在很大差异， 2013年在洛杉矶县招募了9年级的学生，并进行了8次随访，每一波的流失率<1%， 创新性地研究城市内部温度、阴凉处和绿色空间的差异如何影响 内化和外化症状的发生率以及转诊断的精神病理学特征。我们将链接 地理编码的住宅，通勤和学校位置信息，以遥感数据和当地土地利用， 创建高分辨率的估计邻里表面温度，树冠覆盖，其他建成 环境来源的阴影，和绿色空间的每个队列参与者。我们还将测量 已知或假设影响精神病理学风险的社区因素，包括空气质量， 邻里经济状况和犯罪使用多个参数的科学混杂控制策略 维G公式介导的缓和模型将产生稳健的关联。通过这些 评估，我们将构建社区类型的健康风险，包括社会，环境， 物理因素。我们将：1）纵向集中描述> 3，000个家庭和学校社区的特征 跟踪青少年，并确定transdiagnosis精神病理学症状和轨迹; 2）确定 邻里表面温度的影响，阴影区，和绿地的内化， 外化维度，转诊断特征; 3）构建和比较 结合物理和社会环境数据以及新的潜在变量的精神病理风险 技术.我们的研究团队在空间和精神病学方面拥有丰富的专业知识和经验 将科学转化为政策。这项工作将提供有关绿色基础设施影响的关键缺失数据 关于青少年精神病理学的研究需要这些数据来支持围绕城市的决策， 规划、投资和减缓气候变化，以改善当地社区的人口健康。