Perceived Control and Cognitive Aging: Pathways to Preserve Cognitive Functioning and Reduce Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease in Socioeconomically Diverse Populations

感知控制和认知衰老：在社会经济多元化人群中保持认知功能并降低阿尔茨海默氏病风险的途径

• 批准号: 10687165
• 负责人: Jeremy Hamm
• 金额: $ 47.41万
• 依托单位: NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10687165
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; American; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Belief; Buffers; Characteristics; Cognition; Cognitive aging; Collection; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Disparity; Elderly; Emotions; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Status; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Motivation; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Persons; Physical activity; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Process; Psychological Factors; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Sleep; Socioeconomic Status; Testing; Time; United States; Work; acute symptom; age related; cognitive function; evidence base; field study; global health; human old age (65+); innovation; low socioeconomic status; middle age; mortality; negative affect; preservation; prospective; psychologic; secondary analysis; sociodemographics; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; therapy design

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The number of Americans with Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias will nearly triple by 2060 without major scientific advances in knowledge of modifiable factors that can be targeted using interventions. One modifiable psychological resource linked to the preservation of cognitive functioning involves the beliefs people hold about their ability to influence important outcomes in their lives (perceived control). However, little is known about how (mechanistic pathways) perceived control protects against short-term and long-term declines in cognitive functioning or whether its protective influence differs across populations that vary in risk of cognitive decline due to disparities in socioeconomic resources. These critical knowledge gaps are due to limitations in prior research that has largely focused on establishing main effect associations between perceived control and cognitive functioning over either very brief (one-week) or very extended (multi-year) time windows. In this new investigator application, we will address these problems using a real-world, contextual approach to systematically assess how and under which conditions perceived control buffers against declines in cognition across multiple time- scales (days, months, years). We will pursue the following specific aims: 1) identify the motivation, emotion, and health behavior change processes that mediate the association between perceived control and multi-timescale changes in cognitive functioning; 2) determine the extent to which the association between perceived control and multi-timescale changes in cognitive functioning is more pronounced for middle-aged and older adults with limited socioeconomic resources. We will pursue these aims using an innovative approach that generates new micro-longitudinal data and also leverages pre-existing macro-longitudinal data. New micro-longitudinal data will be collected on dynamic daily and monthly changes in perceived control, motivation, emotion, health behaviors, and cognitive functioning in a regional sample of 200 middle-aged and older adults (4 weekly bursts over 1.5 years). Pre-existing macro-longitudinal data on 9-year changes in the same measures will be obtained from the national Midlife in the United States study. This unique approach permits a systematic analysis of the mediated (Aim 1) and moderated (Aim 2) pathways linking perceived control to changes in cognition that unfold over days, months, and years. The proposed research will address the urgent need to identify modifiable psychological and behavioral factors underlying socioeconomic disparities in cognitive aging and the timescales (days, months, years) at which these factors have their strongest influence. This knowledge will inform evidence-based approaches on when (at which timescale) it is most effective to target changes in psychobehavioral resources to preserve cognitive functioning for populations at increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias.

项目总结/摘要 到2060年，患有阿尔茨海默病相关痴呆症的美国人数量将增加近两倍， 在了解可采用干预措施加以针对的可变因素方面取得了科学进展。一个可修改 与认知功能的保存有关的心理资源包括人们所持有的关于 影响生活中重要结果的能力（感知控制）。然而，人们对如何做到这一点知之甚少。 （机械途径）感知控制防止认知能力的短期和长期下降 功能或其保护性影响是否在不同人群中存在差异，这些人群因 社会经济资源的不平等。这些关键的知识差距是由于先前研究的局限性 这主要集中在建立感知控制和认知之间的主效应关联 在很短的时间（一周）或很长的时间（多年）内运作。在这个新的调查员 应用程序，我们将解决这些问题，使用现实世界，上下文的方法，系统地评估 如何以及在何种条件下感知控制缓冲器，以防止多个时间段内认知能力的下降- 刻度（日、月、年）。我们将追求以下具体目标：1）识别动机，情感， 健康行为改变过程介导感知控制和多时间尺度之间的关联 认知功能的变化; 2）确定感知控制之间的关联程度 认知功能的多时间尺度变化对于中年和老年人更为明显， 有限的社会经济资源。我们将采用创新的方法来实现这些目标， 微观纵向数据，并利用预先存在的宏观纵向数据。新的微观纵向数据将 收集感知控制、动机、情绪、健康行为的每日和每月动态变化， 和认知功能在200名中年和老年人的区域样本（4周爆发超过1.5 年）。关于相同措施9年变化的现有宏观纵向数据将从 在美国的国家中年研究。这种独特的方法允许系统地分析介导的 (Aim 1）和温和（目标2）的途径连接感知控制的变化，在认知中展开了几天， 几个月，几年。拟议的研究将解决迫切需要确定可改变的心理和 认知老化和时间尺度（天，月， 这些因素在其中的影响最大。这些知识将为基于证据的 关于何时（在哪个时间尺度）针对心理行为资源的变化最有效的方法 以保护阿尔茨海默病相关痴呆风险增加的人群的认知功能。

项目成果

The Prevalence and Trends of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Impairments in the United States from 2008-2018.

• DOI: 10.3233/adr-220107
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE REPORTS
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Knoll, Kelly;Rhee, Yeong;Hamm, Jeremy M;Hammer, Kimberly D P;Heimbuch, Halli;Holloway, Jeremy;Jurivich, Donald;Lahr, Peyton;McGrath, Brenda;Parker, Kelly;Robinson-Lane, Sheria;Stover, Emily;Tomkinson, Grant R;McGrath, Ryan
• 通讯作者: McGrath, Ryan